如何使用operator new来计算动态内存分配的次数 [英] How to use operator new to count number of times of dynamic memory allocation

问题描述

给定以下代码：

int i;
...
ostingstream os;
os<<i;
string s=os.str();

我想计算使用 ostringstream时动态内存分配的次数这样。我该怎么办？可能通过运算符新？

I want to count the number of times of dynamic memory allocation when using ostringstream this way. How can I do that? Maybe through operator new?

谢谢。

推荐答案

是的，这里是你可以做到的：

Yes, and here is how you could do it:

#include <new>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <sstream>

int number_of_allocs = 0;

void* operator new(std::size_t size) throw(std::bad_alloc) {
  ++number_of_allocs;
  void *p = malloc(size);
  if(!p) throw std::bad_alloc();
  return p;
}

void* operator new  [](std::size_t size) throw(std::bad_alloc) {
  ++number_of_allocs;
  void *p = malloc(size);
  if(!p) throw std::bad_alloc();
  return p;
}

void* operator new  [](std::size_t size, const std::nothrow_t&) throw() {
  ++number_of_allocs;
  return malloc(size);
}
void* operator new   (std::size_t size, const std::nothrow_t&) throw() {
  ++number_of_allocs;
  return malloc(size);
}


void operator delete(void* ptr) throw() { free(ptr); }
void operator delete (void* ptr, const std::nothrow_t&) throw() { free(ptr); }
void operator delete[](void* ptr) throw() { free(ptr); }
void operator delete[](void* ptr, const std::nothrow_t&) throw() { free(ptr); }

int main () {
  int start(number_of_allocs);

  // Your test code goes here:
  int i(7);
  std::ostringstream os;
  os<<i;
  std::string s=os.str();
  // End of your test code

  int end(number_of_allocs);

  std::cout << "Number of Allocs: " << end-start << "\n";
}

在我的环境中（Ubuntu 10.4.3，g ++），答案是 2。

In my environment (Ubuntu 10.4.3, g++), the answer is "2".

---

EDIT ：引用 MSDN

当新的操作符用于分配内置类型的对象，类类型的对象，不包含用户定义的操作符新函数，以及任何类型的数组时，全局操作符new函数被调用。当新的操作符用于分配定义了操作符new的类类型的对象时，将调用该类的操作符new。

The global operator new function is called when the new operator is used to allocate objects of built-in types, objects of class type that do not contain user-defined operator new functions, and arrays of any type. When the new operator is used to allocate objects of a class type where an operator new is defined, that class's operator new is called.

因此每个new-expression将调用全局运算符new ，除非运算符new 。对于你列出的类，我相信没有类级别运算符new 。

So every new-expression will invoke the global operator new, unless there is a class operator new. For the classes you listed, I believe that there is no class-level operator new.

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