如何使用ns3实现组播动态加入/剪枝 [英] How do I implement multicast dynamic join/prune using ns3

问题描述

是否有一种方法来实现使用ns3的多播网络中的节点的动态修剪/移植。

Is there a way to implement the dynamic prune/graft of nodes in a multicast network using ns3. The resources I could find all implements only static routing for multicast networks.

推荐答案

引用这个：
http://www.nsnam.org/docs/release/3.16/doxygen/classns3_1_1_ipv4_static_routing_helper .html＃ae69a07ded3139dfd4e21bb7c10eba416

在ns-3中，我们为节点的路由表设置一个默认的多播路由 SetDefaultMulticastRoute ），其文档状态等效于执行以下命令：

In ns-3 we set a default multicast route for the node's routing table executing SetDefaultMulticastRoute(dev,nd), which as the documentation states is equivalent to executing the following:

    route add 224.0.0.0 netmask 240.0.0.0 dev nd

在物理世界中为linux服务器设置多播时，以具有用于路由表中的多播地址的路由。在ns-3模拟世界中，我们对于使用 SetDefaultMulticastRoute（dev，nd）创建的每个节点都必须这样做。

When setting up multicast for a linux server in the physical world, we need to have a route for the multicast addresses in the routing table. In ns-3 simulation world we have to do the same for each node we create using SetDefaultMulticastRoute(dev,nd).

静态多播路由用于从一个LAN路由到另一个LAN。在现实世界中，我们需要有一个知道如何路由多播的路由器。在ns-3模拟世界中，我们需要一个知道如何路由多播的路由器。因此，在ns-3中，我们需要使用安装在充当路由器的模拟中的节点上的 AddMulticastRoute（）建立从一个LAN到另一个LAN的静态路由。

The static multicast routes are for routing from one LAN to another. In the real world, we need to have a router that knows how to route multicast. In the ns-3 simulation world, we need a router that knows how to route multicast. So in ns-3 we need to setup a static route from one LAN to another using AddMulticastRoute() that is installed on the node in the simulation that is acting as the router.

这将是一个很好的有一个ns-3助手将安装默认多路由路由在 NodeContainer NetDeviceContainer 。但是，该方法需要一个节点及其关联的 NetDevice ，因此您必须使用一个循环来设置它们，假设 0..N NodeContainer 中的节点与中的 0..N 节点直接相关> NetDeviceContainer 。

It would be nice to have an ns-3 helper that would install the Default Multicast route on a NodeContainer and NetDeviceContainer. However, the method wants one Node and its associated NetDevice, so you have to use a loop to set them all assuming 0..N nodes in the NodeContainer are directly related to 0..N nodes in the NetDeviceContainer.

    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        Ptr<Node> sender = nodecontainer.Get (i);
        Ptr<NetDevice> senderIf = netdevicecontainer.Get (i);
        multicast.SetDefaultMulticastRoute (sender, senderIf);
    }

引用此：
http://www.nsnam.org/docs/release/3.16/doxygen/csma-multicast_8cc_source.html

您可以看到如何设置组播数据包的发送者和接收者。它包括两个LAN之间的静态路由。此示例中的接收器不具有默认多播路由建立。内联注释声明所有节点将从源接收多播帧 - 源是我们在其中执行 SetDefaultMulticastRoute（source，sourceIf）

You can see how the sender and receiver of multicast packets is setup. It does include a static route between two LANs. The receiver in this example does not have a default multicast route setup. The inline comments state that all nodes will receive the multicast frame from the source - the source being the node in which we execute SetDefaultMulticastRoute(source,sourceIf) for.

请注意，此代码的注释表示源接收其发送的多播帧。

Note that the comments for this code indicate that the source receives the multicast frame it sends.

引用此：
http：// www.nsnam.org/docs/release/3.16/doxygen/udp-echo-server_8cc_source.html

Referencing this: http:// www.nsnam.org/docs/release/3.16/doxygen/udp-echo-server_8cc_source.html

您编写的ns3应用程序会执行实际连接到组播组。

The ns3 Application you write does the actual join to the Multicast group.

    78  if (m_socket == 0)
    79     {
    80       TypeId tid = TypeId::LookupByName ("ns3::UdpSocketFactory");
    81       m_socket = Socket::CreateSocket (GetNode (), tid);
    82       InetSocketAddress local = InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), m_port);
    83       m_socket->Bind (local);
    84       if (addressUtils::IsMulticast (m_local))
    85         {
    86           Ptr<UdpSocket> udpSocket = DynamicCast<UdpSocket> (m_socket);
    87           if (udpSocket)
    88             {
    89               // equivalent to setsockopt (MCAST_JOIN_GROUP)
    90               udpSocket->MulticastJoinGroup (0, m_local);
    91             }
    92           else
    93             {
    94               NS_FATAL_ERROR ("Error: Failed to join multicast group");
    95             }
    96         }
    97     }

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