计算货币兑换计划中的美元 - C ++ [英] Calculating the dollars right in the Money change program - C++

问题描述

请查看以下代码

  #include< QtCore / QCoreApplication> 
 #include< iostream> 
 
 int main（int argc，char * argv []）
 {
 using namespace std; 
 
 double purchaseAmount; 
 double paidAmount; 
 float balance; 
 
 int change，quarters，dimes，nick，pennies，tenDollar，fiveDollar; // declare variables 
 
 cout<< 输入总购买量< endl; 
 cin>> purchaseAmount; 
 
 cout<< 输入总支付金额< endl; 
 cin>>已付金额; 
 
 balance = paidAmount  -  purchaseAmount; 
 
 tenDollar = balance / 10; //计算十美元的数量
 change = tenDollar％10; //计算所需的更改
 change = balance * 100; 
 quarters = change / 25; //计算季度数
 change = change％25; //计算所需的剩余变化
 dimes = change / 10; //计算dimes数
 change = change％10; //计算所需的剩余变化
 nickels = change / 5; //计算镍价数量
 pennies = change％5; //计算便士
 
 cout<< \\\
Quarters：<季度< endl; // display＃of quarterters 
 cout<< Dimes：< dimes < endl; // display＃of dimes 
 cout<< Nickels：<<镍 endl; // display＃of nickels 
 cout<<Pennies：<<便士< endl; // display panties 
 cout<<Ten dollar：<< tenDollar< endl; // display＃of Ten dollar 
 // cout<<Five dollar：<< 5 Dollar< endl; // display＃of Ten dollar 
 
 return（0）; 
 
} 
  

我在这里要做的，在十美元，宿舍，山丘，镍和便士。例如，当我以这种方式运行程序 -

 输入总购买金额
 9.75 
输入总计支付金额
 20 
 
季度：4 
 Dimes：0 
镍：0 
硬币：0 
十美元：1 
  

这是错误的。话虽这么说，上面的输出是错误的。而应该是

 输入总购买金额
 9.75 
输入总支付金额
 20 
 
季度：1 
 Dimes：0 
 Nickels：0 
 Pennies：0 
十美元：1 
  
 
 
感谢
解决方案
正如已经反复说的，错误是在痛苦重复的代码。请考虑以下内容：
  int currencyCount（int& pennies，int penniesInDenomination）{
 const int count = penniesInBase / penniesInDenomination ; 
 pennies = pennies％penniesInDenomination; 
 
 return count; 
} 
  
这可以用于每个面额。这通过使函数获得两个值工作：新的平衡和该面额的计数。这样做通过参考余额作弊，作为称为这个表面上独立的功能的副作用，它根据返还的面额的数量减少余额。显然，你需要记录这个。
  ... 
 const int numberOfQuarters = currencyCount ; 
 const int numberOfDimes = currencyCount（balance，10）; 
 ... 
  
您也可以将货币信息向量中的数字，并代表它执行相同的事情：
  typedef std :: pair< std： ：string，int>货币; 
 typedef std :: vector< Currency>货币; 
 typedef Currencies :: const_iterator CIter; 
 
 ... 
 
 for（CIter iter = currencies.begin（）; iter！= currencies.end（）; ++ iter）{
 const int quantity = currencyCount（balance，iter-> second）; 
 std :: cout<< iter-> first<< ：<<数量< std :: endl; 
} 
  
这种方式避免重复的代码及其涉及的错误。 p> 
Please take a look at the below code 
#include <QtCore/QCoreApplication>
#include <iostream>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    using namespace std;

    double purchaseAmount;
    double paidAmount;
    float balance;

     int change, quarters, dimes, nickels, pennies, tenDollar, fiveDollar; // declare variables

    cout << "Enter Total purchased amount" << endl;
    cin >> purchaseAmount;

    cout << "Enter Total paid amount" << endl;
    cin >> paidAmount;

    balance = paidAmount - purchaseAmount ;

     tenDollar = balance / 10; // calculate the number of Ten Dollars
     change =   tenDollar  % 10  ; // calculate the change needed
     change = balance * 100;
     quarters = change / 25; // calculate the number of quarters
     change = change % 25; // calculate remaining change needed
     dimes = change / 10; // calculate the number of dimes
     change = change % 10; // calculate remaining change needed
     nickels = change / 5; // calculate the number of nickels
     pennies = change % 5; // calculate pennies

     cout << "\nQuarters: " << quarters << endl; // display # of quarters
     cout << " Dimes: " << dimes << endl; // display # of dimes
     cout << " Nickels: " << nickels << endl; // display # of nickels
     cout <<" Pennies: " << pennies << endl; // display # of pennies
     cout <<" Ten dollar: " << tenDollar << endl; // display # of Ten dollar
     //cout <<" Five dollar: " << fiveDollar << endl; // display # of Ten dollar

     return (0);

 }
What I am trying to do here, calculate the change left in ten dollars,quarters, dimes, nickels and pennies. And for example when I run the program this way - 
Enter Total purchased amount
9.75
Enter Total paid amount
20

Quarters: 4
 Dimes: 0
 Nickels: 0
 Pennies: 0
 Ten dollar: 1
Which is wrong. That being said, the above output is wrong. Rather it should be
Enter Total purchased amount
9.75
Enter Total paid amount
20

Quarters: 1
 Dimes: 0
 Nickels: 0
 Pennies: 0
 Ten dollar: 1
So what am I doing wrong here?

Thanks
解决方案
As has been repeatedly said, the mistake was in the painfully repeated code.  Consider the following:
int currencyCount(int& pennies, int penniesInDenomination) {
  const int count = penniesInBase / penniesInDenomination;
  pennies = pennies % penniesInDenomination;

  return count;
}
This can be used for each and every denomination -- repeatedly and in one line.  This works by having the function get two values: the new balance and the count for that denomination.  This sorta cheats by taking the balance by reference and, as a "side effect" of calling this apparently stand alone function, it decreases the balance according to the number of denominations returned.  Obviously, you would want to document this.
...
const int numberOfQuarters = currencyCount(balance, 25);
const int numberOfDimes    = currencyCount(balance, 10);
...
You could also put the currency information (such as the name and the number of pennies it represents) in a vector and loop over it performing the same thing:
typedef std::pair<std::string, int> Currency; 
typedef std::vector<Currency> Currencies;
typedef Currencies::const_iterator CIter;

...

for(CIter iter = currencies.begin(); iter != currencies.end(); ++iter) {
  const int quantity = currencyCount(balance, iter->second);
  std::cout << iter->first << ": " << quantity << std::endl;
}
In this manner, you avoid repeated code and the mistakes it involves.

                        
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