Python - tkinter画布中的倒计时器 [英] Python - Countdown timer within a tkinter canvas

问题描述

Hello我想在一个子程序中创建一个倒计时器，然后显示在画布上。我不完全确定从哪里开始我做了一些研究，它能够使用time.sleep（x）函数，但该方法冻结整个程序，这不是我的后。我也在这里查看关于计时器的其他问题，并试图将它们纳入我的计划，但我还没有成功。

Hello I would like to create a countdown timer within a subroutine which is then displayed on the canvas. I'm not entirely sure of where to begin I've done some research on to it and was able to make one with the time.sleep(x) function but that method freezes the entire program which isn't what I'm after. I also looked up the other questions on here about a timer and tried to incorporate them into my program but I wasn't able to have any success yet.

TLDR;我想创建一个倒计时计时器，从60秒倒计时，并显示在画布上，然后让计时器达到0时做一些事情。

TLDR; I want to create a countdown timer that counts down from 60 seconds and is displayed on a canvas and then have it do something when the timer reaches 0.

任何人都可以指向我的方向正确？

Is anyone able to point me in the right direction?

提前感谢。

编辑：

不知道这段代码中是否有重大错误，或者这只是一个简单的错误。
当我运行它的错误在代码下面。

Not sure if there is a major error in this code or if it's just a simple mistake. The error I get when I run it is below the code.

这是我想要的定时器的代码的一部分：

This is the part of the code that I want the timer in:

def main(): #First thing that loads when the program is executed.
   global window
   global tkinter
   global canvas
   global cdtimer
   window = Tk()
   cdtimer = 60
   window.title("JailBreak Bob")

   canvas = Canvas(width = 960, height = 540, bg = "white")
   photo = PhotoImage(file="main.gif")
   canvas.bind("<Button-1>", buttonclick_mainscreen)
   canvas.pack(expand = YES, fill = BOTH)
   canvas.create_image(1, 1, image = photo, anchor = NW)
   window.mainloop()

def buttonclick_mainscreen(event):
   pressed = ""

   if event.x >18 and event.x <365 and event.y > 359 and event.y < 417 : pressed = 1 
   if event.x >18 and event.x <365 and event.y > 421 and event.y < 473 : pressed = 2 
   if event.x >18 and event.x <365 and event.y > 477 and event.y < 517 : pressed = 3 

   if pressed == 1 :
     gamescreen()
   if pressed == 2 :
     helpscreen()
   if pressed == 3 :
     window.destroy()

def gamescreen():
  photo = PhotoImage(file="gamescreen.gif")
  canvas.bind("<Button-1>", buttonclick_gamescreen)
  canvas.pack(expand = YES, fill = BOTH)
  canvas.create_image(1, 1, image = photo, anchor = NW)
  game1 = PhotoImage(file="1.gif")
  canvas.create_image(30, 65, image = game1, anchor = NW)
  e1 = Entry(canvas, width = 11)
  e2 = Entry(canvas, width = 11) 
  canvas.create_window(390, 501, window=e1, anchor = NW)
  canvas.create_window(551, 501, window=e2, anchor = NW)
  canvas.after(1, gamescreen)
  window.mainloop()

def cdtimer():
  canvas.delete(ALL)
  global cdtimer
  cdtimer -= 1
  canvas.create_text(510, 6, text=cdtimer, font="Ubuntu 29 bold", anchor = NW) 
  if cdtimer == 0:
    scorescreen()
  else:
    canvas.after(1000, gamescreen)

main()

错误MSG：

Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.2/tkinter/__init__.py", line 1402, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.2/tkinter/__init__.py", line 490, in callit
    func(*args)
  File "/home/ppppwn3d/workspace/Python/JailBreakBob/JailBreakBob.py", line 50, in     gamescreen
    e1 = Entry(canvas, width = 11)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.2/tkinter/__init__.py", line 2372, in __init__
    Widget.__init__(self, master, 'entry', cnf, kw)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.2/tkinter/__init__.py", line 1952, in __init__
    cnf = _cnfmerge((cnf, kw))
  File "/usr/lib/python3.2/tkinter/__init__.py", line 71, in _cnfmerge
    if isinstance(cnfs, dict):
RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object

推荐答案

这是Oakley的答案的扩展。它演示了如何在画布上显示时间以及开始整个事情：

This is an expansion of Oakley's answer. It demonstrates how to display the time in a canvas as well as kick off the whole thing:

from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
canvas = Canvas(root)
canvas.pack()
time = 60
def tick():
    # You have to clear the canvas each time the clock updates 
    # (otherwise it writes on top of the old time).  Since the
    # time is the only thing in the canvas, delete(ALL) works
    # perfectly (if it wasn't however, you can delete the id
    # that goes with the clock).
    canvas.delete(ALL)
    # I have to declare time as a global because I'm not using
    # a class (otherwise, I could do something like self.time -= 1)
    global time
    time -= 1
    # You can place the time wherever in the canvas
    # (I chose 10,10 for the example)
    canvas.create_text(10, 10, text=time)
    if time == 0:
        do_something()
    else:
        canvas.after(1000, tick)
canvas.after(1, tick)
root.mainloop()

脚本从60秒（显示剩余时间），当它为0时，它调用do_something。

The script counts down from 60 seconds (displaying the remaining time as it goes) and, when it hits 0, it calls do_something.

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