是否有可能生成一个图表与这个非常具体的背景？ [英] Is it possible to generate a chart with this very specific background?

问题描述

我需要创建一个图表，它有一个网格，如下图所示。

关键因素是：

1. x轴


2. 图表必须随着数据量的增加而增长。
（即30分钟的数据，应该是60箱宽）

我一直在研究matplotlib一点，似乎很有希望。我也设法填充图表的数据。查看我的结果为40分钟的数据。

但在我投入更多时间进行研究之前，我必须知道这是否目标甚至可能。如果不是，我将不得不调查其他图表。感谢您的帮助！

这里是上述图片的源代码（my_data实际上是从csv读取，但是在这里填充随机垃圾）：

 从matplotlib导入日期
 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
 import numpy as np 
导入时间$ b $范围（3000）中的i：
 my_data.append（（datetime.fromtimestamp（i + time.time（））从日期时间导入日期时间
 
 my_data = ），np.random.randint（50，200），np.random.randint（10，100）））
 
 hfmt = dates.DateFormatter（'％H：％M：％S' 
 fig = plt.figure（）
 
 actg = fig.add_subplot（2,1,1）＃两行，一列，第一个绘图
 plt.ylim（50， 210）
 
 atoco = fig.add_subplot（2，1，2）＃second plot 
 plt.ylim（0，100）
 
 actg.xaxis.set_minor_locator （dates.MinuteLocator（））
 actg.xaxis.set_major_formatter（hfmt）
 
 atoco.xaxis.set_minor_locator（dates.MinuteLocator（））
 atoco.xaxis.set_major_formatter ）
 plt.xticks（rotation = 45）
 times = [] 
 fhr1 = [] 
 toco = [] 
 for my_data：
 times.append（key [0]）
 fhr1.append（key [1]）$ ​​b $ b toco.append（key [2]）
 actg.plot_date（times，fhr1，' - ）
 atoco.plot_date（times，toco，' - '）
 
 for ax in fig.axes：
 ax.grid（True）
 plt.tight_layout ）
 plt.show（）
  

解决方案

，

我使用了

I need to create a chart, that has a grid like in the following picture. The key factors being:

1. The x-axis is time with each tick marking 30 seconds
2. y-axes labels in the chart repeat at a variable interval
3. Chart must grow with the amount of data (i.e. for 30 minutes of data, it should be 60 boxes wide)

I have been looking into matplotlib for a bit, and it seems promising. I also managed to fill the chart with data. See my result for 40 Minutes of data.

But before I invest more time into research, I must know if this goal is even possible. If not I'll have to look into other charts. Thanks for your help!

Here is the source for the above image (my_data is actually read from a csv, but filled with random junk here):

from matplotlib import dates
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import time
from datetime import datetime

my_data = list()
for i in range(3000):
    my_data.append((datetime.fromtimestamp(i + time.time()), np.random.randint(50, 200), np.random.randint(10, 100)))

hfmt = dates.DateFormatter('%H:%M:%S')
fig = plt.figure()

actg = fig.add_subplot(2, 1, 1)  # two rows, one column, first plot
plt.ylim(50, 210)

atoco = fig.add_subplot(2, 1, 2)  # second plot
plt.ylim(0, 100)

actg.xaxis.set_minor_locator(dates.MinuteLocator())
actg.xaxis.set_major_formatter(hfmt)

atoco.xaxis.set_minor_locator(dates.MinuteLocator())
atoco.xaxis.set_major_formatter(hfmt)
plt.xticks(rotation=45)
times = []
fhr1 = []
toco = []
for key in my_data:
    times.append(key[0])
    fhr1.append(key[1])
    toco.append(key[2])
actg.plot_date(times, fhr1, '-')
atoco.plot_date(times, toco, '-')

for ax in fig.axes:
    ax.grid(True)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

解决方案

OK, here's something close to what you are after, I think.

I've used dates.SecondLocator(bysecond=[0,30]) to set the grid every 30 seconds (also need to make sure the grid is set on the minor ticks, with ax.xaxis.grid(True,which='both')

To repeat the yticklabels, I create a twinx of the axes for every major tick on the xaxis, and move the spine to that tick's location. I then set the spine color to none, so it doesn't show up, and turn of the actual ticks, but not the tick labels.

from matplotlib import dates
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import time
from datetime import datetime

# how often to show xticklabels and repeat yticklabels:
xtickinterval = 10

# Make random data
my_data = list()
for i in range(3000):
    my_data.append((datetime.fromtimestamp(i + time.time()), np.random.randint(120, 160), np.random.randint(10, 100)))

hfmt = dates.DateFormatter('%H:%M:%S')
fig = plt.figure()

actg = fig.add_subplot(2, 1, 1)  # two rows, one column, first plot
actg.set_ylim(50, 210)

atoco = fig.add_subplot(2, 1, 2,sharex=actg)  # second plot, share the xaxis with actg
atoco.set_ylim(-5, 105)

# Set the major ticks to the intervals specified above. 
actg.xaxis.set_major_locator(dates.MinuteLocator(byminute=np.arange(0,60,xtickinterval)))
# Set the minor ticks to every 30 seconds
minloc = dates.SecondLocator(bysecond=[0,30])
minloc.MAXTICKS = 3000
actg.xaxis.set_minor_locator(minloc)
# Use the formatter specified above
actg.xaxis.set_major_formatter(hfmt)

times = []
fhr1 = []
toco = []

for key in my_data:
    times.append(key[0])
    fhr1.append(key[1])
    toco.append(key[2])

print times[-1]-times[0]

# Make your plot
actg.plot_date(times, fhr1, '-')
atoco.plot_date(times, toco, '-')

for ax in [actg,atoco]:
    # Turn off the yticklabels on the right hand side
    ax.set_yticklabels([])

    # Set the grids
    ax.xaxis.grid(True,which='both',color='r')
    ax.yaxis.grid(True,which='major',color='r')

    # Create new yticklabels every major tick on the xaxis
    for tick in ax.get_xticks():
        tx = ax.twinx()
        tx.set_ylim(ax.get_ylim())
        tx.spines['right'].set_position(('data',tick))
        tx.spines['right'].set_color('None')
        for tic in tx.yaxis.get_major_ticks():
            tic.tick1On = tic.tick2On = False


plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

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