Javascript命名空间声明与函数原型 [英] Javascript namespace declaration with function-prototype
问题描述
我知道,这是经常讨论的。但是,在寻找像19世纪的人之后,我需要一些建议。我没有问题,通过声明一个命名空间,但是当涉及到一个prototype.foo函数,我坚持。我找到了一种方法,但我不喜欢它:
I know, this is often discussed. But after searching around like someone out of the 19th century, I need some advice. I have no problem by declaring a "namespace", but when it comes to a prototype.foo function, I stuck. I found a way, but I don't like it:
Namespace = {}
Namespace.obj = function() {
this.foo="bar";
}
Namespace.obj.prototype.start = function() {
this.foo="fubar";
}
blah = new Namespace.obj();
blah.start();
现在,由于我有点神经质的脚本,我想有一些像这个:
Now, since I'm a little neurotic in case of scripting, I would like to have something like this:
Namespace = {
obj: function() {
this.foo="bar";
},
obj.prototype.start: function(tabinst) {
this.foo="fubar";
}
}
...
错误:
未捕获的语法错误:意外的令牌。
But then it throws an error: "Uncaught SyntaxError: Unexpected token ."
我知道,这是化妆,但我认为有一个更好的方法声明包含类和原型函数的命名空间。
I know, this is cosmetic, but I think that there has to be a better method of declaring a "namespace" containing a class and prototype functions.
推荐答案
我会这样做的方法是使用模块模式。
您基本上将所有模块逻辑封装在一个自我执行的函数,它会返回一个具有你的类,函数,变量等的对象。想象一下暴露你的Module API的返回值。
The way I would do it is using the "Module pattern".
You basically encapsulate all your "Module" logic in a self executing function that would return an object having your classes, functions, variables etc... Think of the return value as exposing your Module API.
Namespace = (function () {
/** Class obj **/
var obj = function () {
this.foo = 'bar';
};
obj.prototype = {
start: function () {
this.foo = 'fubar';
}
};
/** Class obj2 **/
var obj2 = function () {
this.bar = 'foo'
};
obj2.prototype = {
start: function () {
this.bar = 'barfoo';
},
end: function () {
this.bar = '';
}
};
return {
obj : obj,
obj2: obj2
};
})();
var o = new Namespace.obj()
o.start()
为了进一步封装obj类方法和构造函数,我们可以执行以下操作:
In order to further encapsulate the "obj" class methods and constructor we could do the following:
/** Class obj **/
var obj = (function () {
/** class Constructor **/
var obj = function () {
this.foo = 'bar';
};
/** class methods **/
obj.prototype = {
start: function () {
this.foo = 'fubar';
}
};
return obj;
})();
还有一个重要的功能是免费使用这种模式,即私有变量请考虑以下内容:
There is also an important feature that comes for free using this pattern, which is "Private variables", consider the following:
/** Class Foo **/
var Foo = (function () {
// Private variables
var private_number = 200
/** class Constructor **/
var Foo = function () {
this.bar = 0;
};
/** class methods **/
Foo.prototype = {
add: function () {
this.bar += private_number;
}
};
return Foo;
})();
foo = new Foo();
alert(foo.bar); // 0
foo.add();
alert(foo.bar);// 200
alert(foo.private_number) //undefined
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