云计算和网格计算有什么区别？ [英] What is the difference between Cloud Computing and Grid Computing?

问题描述

云计算和网格计算之间的显着差异是什么？两者的精确定义和目标应用程序域是什么？

像 Windows Azure 是一个云操作系统，我们是否有网格计算的任务？

过去我在分布式和并行计算上工作，我使用像PVM和MPI这样的图书馆来处理分发。出于好奇，我想知道如果网格计算是分布式计算扩展到互联网？

解决方案

计算是多个计算机协同解决问题的地方。

云计算是一个应用程序不直接访问它需要的资源，而是访问它需要的资源他们通过像服务。因此，不是与特定的硬盘驱动器进行存储通信，而是与特定的CPU进行计算等，它与提供这些资源的某些服务进行通信。然后，服务将任何资源请求映射到其物理资源，以便提供应用程序。通常，服务可以访问大量的物理资源，并且可以在需要时动态地分配它们。

这样，如果应用程序只需要少量的一些资源，比如计算，那么服务只分配少量数据，比如说单个物理CPU其可以与使用该服务的某个其他应用共享）。如果应用程序需要大量的某些资源，那么服务会分配大量的资源，比如一个网格的CPU。该应用程序相对忽略，并且所有复杂的处理和协调由服务而不是应用程序执行。这样，应用程序可以缩放。

例如，写在云上的网站可能与许多其他网站共享服务器，而流量很少，但可以移动到自己的专用服务器或服务器网格，如果它有大量的流量。这些都是由云服务处理的，因此应用程序不必大幅修改才能应对。

云通常会使用网格。网格不一定是云或云的一部分。

维基百科文章：网格计算，云计算。

What are the significant differences between Cloud Computing and Grid Computing ? What are the precise definations and target application domains for both ? I'm looking for conceptual insights along with technicalities.

Like Windows Azure is a Cloud OS, do we have anytihng such for Grid Computing ?

In past I did work on distributed and parallel computing and I used the librariries like PVM and MPI for processing distribution. Out of curiosity I wanted to know If Grid Computing is distributed computing extended over internet ?

解决方案

Grid computing is where more than one computer coordinates to solve a problem together. Often used for problems involving a lot of number crunching, which can be easily parallelisable.

Cloud computing is where an application doesn't access resources it requires directly, rather it accesses them through something like a service. So instead of talking to a specific hard drive for storage, and a specific CPU for computation, etc. it talks to some service that provides these resources. The service then maps any requests for resources to its physical resources, in order to provide for the application. Usually the service has access to a large amount of physical resources, and can dynamically allocate them as they are needed.

In this way, if an application requires only a small amount of some resource, say computation, then the service only allocates a small amount, say on a single physical CPU (that may be shared with some other application using the service). If the application requires a large amount of some resource, then the service allocates that large amount, say a grid of CPUs. The application is relatively oblivious to this, and all the complex handling and coordination is performed by the service, not the application. In this way the application can scale well.

For example a web site written "on the cloud" may share a server with many other web sites while it has a low amount of traffic, but may be moved to its own dedicated server, or grid of servers, if it ever has massive amounts of traffic. This is all handled by the cloud service, so the application shouldn't have to be modified drastically to cope.

A cloud would usually use a grid. A grid is not necessarily a cloud or part of a cloud.

Wikipedia articles: Grid computing, Cloud computing.

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