如何监视全局修饰符键状态（在任何应用程序中）？ [英] How to monitor global modifier key state (in any application)?
问题描述
我在我的Cocoa项目中使用一些Carbon代码来处理来自其他应用程序的全局键事件（快捷键）。目前我已经设置了一个 kEventHotKeyReleased 事件处理程序，当我的应用程序不活动时，我可以成功获得热键。
我对 kEventHotKeyReleased 的行为的问题是：
说出例如我按Cmd-Shift-P组合键。一旦我释放P键，热键事件被触发。 我需要能够在所有键未按下时触发事件（或手动触发）（即：Cmd和Shift键也被释放）。
这是很容易监控热键，但我没有看到任何监控单个按键。
有关如何执行此操作的任何提示？
提前感谢！
更新： b $ b
我试过使用 kEventRawKeyUp 和 kEventRawKeyModifiersChanged 但是 kEventHotKeyReleased 这两个工作，即使我以与 kEventHotKeyReleased 完全相同的方式设置它们。
EventTypeSpec eventTypes [] = {{kEventClassKeyboard，kEventHotKeyReleased}，{kEventClassKeyboard，kEventRawKeyUp}};
//改变列表中的顺序没有帮助，也不能删除kEventHotKeyReleased
OSStatus err = InstallApplicationEventHandler（& globalHotkeyHandler，GetEventTypeCount（eventTypes），eventTypes，NULL，NULL）;
// err == noErr after this line
globalHotKeyHandler 方法，但由于某种原因不能调用 kEventHotKeyReleased 调用 kEventRawKeyUp 似乎抓住。这是我的 globalHotKeyHandler 方法：
OSStatus globalHotkeyHandler（EventHandlerCallRef nextHandler ，EventRef anEvent，void * userData）{
NSLog（@Something happened！
}
是否有额外的电话需要拨打或其他我忘记？
注意：乍一看，辅助装置的存取功能似乎已停用，但 不是强>。所以我很无能。
UPDATE 2： b
我调查了一下在 CGEventTap Leibowitzn建议，我想出了这个设置：
CFMachPortRef keyUpEventTap = CGEventTapCreate（kCGHIDEventTap，kCGHeadInsertEventTap，kCGEventTapOptionListenOnly，kCGEventKeyUp，& keyUpCallback，NULL）;
CFRunLoopSourceRef keyUpRunLoopSourceRef = CFMachPortCreateRunLoopSource（NULL，keyUpEventTap，0）;
CFRelease（keyUpEventTap）;
CFRunLoopAddSource（CFRunLoopGetCurrent（），keyUpRunLoopSourceRef，kCFRunLoopDefaultMode）;
CFRelease（keyUpRunLoopSourceRef）;
...和回调：
CGEventRef keyUpCallback（CGEventTapProxy代理，CGEventType类型，CGEventRef事件，void * refcon）{
NSLog（@KeyUp event tapped！
return event;
}
正如你所看到的，我使用 kCGEventKeyUp 作为事件点按的掩码，但不知何故我收到 鼠标按下事件 ??
更新3：
确定忘记了，我忽略了在文档中说对该参数使用CGEventMaskBit（kCGEventKeyUp），因此正确的调用是：
CGEventTapCreate（kCGHIDEventTap，kCGHeadInsertEventTap ，kCGEventTapOptionListenOnly，CGEventMaskBit（kCGEventKeyUp），& keyUpCallback，NULL）;
我仍然有问题：修饰键不触发kCGEventKeyUp ...
UPDATE 4：
要拦截修饰键，请使用 kCGEventFlagsChanged ：
CGEventTapCreate（kCGHIDEventTap，kCGHeadInsertEventTap，kCGEventTapOptionListenOnly，CGEventMaskBit（kCGEventFlagsChanged），& callbackFunction ，空值）;
因此，本质上我得到了键和修饰键的状态检测工作，但仍然有兴趣了解为什么 kEventRawKeyUp 无效 ...
< hr>
注意：还要注意，我在Tiger上开发，目标是尽可能支持新的和旧版本的操作系统。
一个可以使用的解决方案选项是使用EventTaps。这样可以监视所有键盘事件。请参阅：
http://developer.apple.com/mac/library/documentation/Carbon/Reference/QuartzEventServicesRef/Reference/reference.html#//apple_ref/c/func/CGEventTapCreate
不幸的是，如果应用程序请求安全输入，事件敲击将停止工作。例如Quicken。
I'm using some Carbon code in my Cocoa project for handling global key events (shortcuts) from other applications. Currently I have setup a kEventHotKeyReleased event handler and I can successfully obtain hot keys when my application is not active. That triggers some operation in my application.
The problem I have with the behavior of kEventHotKeyReleased is:
Say for example I press the Cmd-Shift-P key combination. As soon as I release the "P" key the hot key event is triggered. I need to be able to trigger the event (or manually trigger it) when all of the keys are unpressed (i.e: the Cmd and Shift keys are released too).
It is easy to monitor for hot keys but I have seen nothing for monitoring individual keystrokes. If I could monitor the modifier key states I would be in business.
Any hints on how to do this?
Thanks in advance!
UPDATE:
I've tried using kEventRawKeyUp and kEventRawKeyModifiersChanged but while kEventHotKeyReleased works those two don't even though I set them up in the exact same way as kEventHotKeyReleased.
EventTypeSpec eventTypes[] = {{kEventClassKeyboard, kEventHotKeyReleased}, {kEventClassKeyboard, kEventRawKeyUp}};
// Changing the order in the list does not help, nor does removing kEventHotKeyReleased
OSStatus err = InstallApplicationEventHandler(&globalHotkeyHandler, GetEventTypeCount(eventTypes), eventTypes, NULL, NULL);
// err == noErr after this line
The globalHotKeyHandler method is called for kEventHotKeyReleased, but not for kEventRawKeyUp for some reason I can't seem to grasp. Here's what my globalHotKeyHandler method looks like:
OSStatus globalHotkeyHandler(EventHandlerCallRef nextHandler, EventRef anEvent, void *userData) {
NSLog(@"Something happened!");
}
Is there an additional call that needs to be made or something else I forgot?
N.B: At first glance, it seems like it could be that Access for Assistive Devices is disabled but it is not. So I'm pretty clueless.
UPDATE 2:
I investigated a bit on the CGEventTap Leibowitzn suggested and I came up with this setup:
CFMachPortRef keyUpEventTap = CGEventTapCreate(kCGHIDEventTap,kCGHeadInsertEventTap,kCGEventTapOptionListenOnly,kCGEventKeyUp,&keyUpCallback,NULL);
CFRunLoopSourceRef keyUpRunLoopSourceRef = CFMachPortCreateRunLoopSource(NULL, keyUpEventTap, 0);
CFRelease(keyUpEventTap);
CFRunLoopAddSource(CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), keyUpRunLoopSourceRef, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
CFRelease(keyUpRunLoopSourceRef);
... and the callback:
CGEventRef keyUpCallback (CGEventTapProxy proxy, CGEventType type, CGEventRef event, void *refcon) {
NSLog(@"KeyUp event tapped!");
return event;
}
As you can see I'm using kCGEventKeyUp as the mask for the event tap but somehow I'm receiving mouse down events ??!??
UPDATE 3:
Ok forget that, I overlooked the line in the doc that said to use CGEventMaskBit(kCGEventKeyUp) for this parameter, so the correct call is:
CGEventTapCreate(kCGHIDEventTap,kCGHeadInsertEventTap,kCGEventTapOptionListenOnly,CGEventMaskBit(kCGEventKeyUp),&keyUpCallback,NULL);
I'm still having a problem though: modifier keys do not trigger the kCGEventKeyUp...
UPDATE 4:
Ok forget that again... I'm bound to answer to my own questions 5 minutes after asking them today huh!
To intercept modifier keys, use kCGEventFlagsChanged:
CGEventTapCreate(kCGHIDEventTap,kCGHeadInsertEventTap,kCGEventTapOptionListenOnly,CGEventMaskBit(kCGEventFlagsChanged),&callbackFunction,NULL);
So in essence I got the key and modifier key state detection working, but I'm still interested in knowing why kEventRawKeyUp doesn't work...
N.B: Also note that I'm developing on Tiger with the goal of having support for new and older versions of the OS as much as possible. CGEventTap is 10.4+ only so I'll be using this for now but a backwards-compatible solution would be welcome.
One option is to use EventTaps. This lets you monitor all keyboard events. See: http://developer.apple.com/mac/library/documentation/Carbon/Reference/QuartzEventServicesRef/Reference/reference.html#//apple_ref/c/func/CGEventTapCreate
Unfortunately event taps will stop working if an application is requesting secure input. For example Quicken.
这篇关于如何监视全局修饰符键状态（在任何应用程序中）？的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
