如何使用Delphi从文件扩展名获取图标和描述？ [英] How to get icon and description from file extension using Delphi?
问题描述
基本上我有一个TcxGrid，它将列出各种文件名，我想根据文件扩展名进一步详细说明，特别是描述（例如.PDF是Adobe Acrobat Document），它是相关的图标。
Basically I have a TcxGrid which will be listing various files names and I'd like to give further details based on the file extension, specifically it's description (e.g. for .PDF it's "Adobe Acrobat Document") and it's related icon.
我注意到有一个非常类似的问题已经，但它是C＃相关，我想要一些Delphi的基础。
I notice there is a very similar question already but it's C# related and I'd like something Delphi based.
建议在哪里寻找这种信息会很好，如果有一个类似于上面提到的C＃文章（显然在Delphi中），那将是很棒的类。
Suggestions on where to look for this kind of info would be good and if there is a class similar to the one mentioned in the C# post above (obviously in Delphi) that would be great.
推荐答案
感谢Rob Kennedy向我指出ShGetFileInfo的方向。然后我Googled，并发现这两个例子 - Delphi 3000 ， Torry's 。从那以后，我写下面的课程来做我所需要的。
Thanks to Rob Kennedy for pointing me in the direction of ShGetFileInfo. I then Googled on that and found these two examples - Delphi 3000, Torry's. From that I wrote the following class to do what I needed.
另外，正如我完成Bill Miller的答案给了我最后一点帮助。原来我正在传递完整的文件名到ShGetFileInfo，这不是我想要的。调整提示通过* .EXT是伟大的。
Also, just as I was finishing up Bill Miller's answer gave me the final bit of help I needed. Originally I was passing full file names through to ShGetFileInfo, which wasn't ideally what I wanted. The tweak suggested of passing "*.EXT" was great.
该课程可以做更多的工作，但它会做我所需要的。似乎处理没有细节关联的文件扩展名。
The class could do with more work but it does what I need. It seems to handle file extensions that have no details associated either.
最后，我正在使用我已经切换到使用TcxImageList而不是TImageList，因为我出现图标上出现黑色边框的问题，因为它是一个快速修复。
Finally, in what I'm using I've switched it to using a TcxImageList instead of a TImageList, since I was having problems with black borders appearing on the icons, because it was a quick fix.
unit FileAssociationDetails;
{
Created : 2009-05-07
Description : Class to get file type description and icons.
* Extensions and Descriptions are held in a TStringLists.
* Icons are stored in a TImageList.
Assumption is all lists are in same order.
}
interface
uses Classes, Controls;
type
TFileAssociationDetails = class(TObject)
private
FImages : TImageList;
FExtensions : TStringList;
FDescriptions : TStringList;
public
constructor Create;
destructor Destroy; override;
procedure AddFile(FileName : string);
procedure AddExtension(Extension : string);
procedure Clear;
procedure GetFileIconsAndDescriptions;
property Images : TImageList read FImages;
property Extensions : TStringList read FExtensions;
property Descriptions : TStringList read FDescriptions;
end;
implementation
uses SysUtils, ShellAPI, Graphics, Windows;
{ TFileAssociationDetails }
constructor TFileAssociationDetails.Create;
begin
try
inherited;
FExtensions := TStringList.Create;
FExtensions.Sorted := true;
FDescriptions := TStringList.Create;
FImages := TImageList.Create(nil);
except
end;
end;
destructor TFileAssociationDetails.Destroy;
begin
try
FExtensions.Free;
FDescriptions.Free;
FImages.Free;
finally
inherited;
end;
end;
procedure TFileAssociationDetails.AddFile(FileName: string);
begin
AddExtension(ExtractFileExt(FileName));
end;
procedure TFileAssociationDetails.AddExtension(Extension : string);
begin
Extension := UpperCase(Extension);
if (Trim(Extension) <> '') and
(FExtensions.IndexOf(Extension) = -1) then
FExtensions.Add(Extension);
end;
procedure TFileAssociationDetails.Clear;
begin
FExtensions.Clear;
end;
procedure TFileAssociationDetails.GetFileIconsAndDescriptions;
var
Icon: TIcon;
iCount : integer;
Extension : string;
FileInfo : SHFILEINFO;
begin
FImages.Clear;
FDescriptions.Clear;
Icon := TIcon.Create;
try
// Loop through all stored extensions and retrieve relevant info
for iCount := 0 to FExtensions.Count - 1 do
begin
Extension := '*' + FExtensions.Strings[iCount];
// Get description type
SHGetFileInfo(PChar(Extension),
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
FileInfo,
SizeOf(FileInfo),
SHGFI_TYPENAME or SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES
);
FDescriptions.Add(FileInfo.szTypeName);
// Get icon and copy into ImageList
SHGetFileInfo(PChar(Extension),
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
FileInfo,
SizeOf(FileInfo),
SHGFI_ICON or SHGFI_SMALLICON or
SHGFI_SYSICONINDEX or SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES
);
Icon.Handle := FileInfo.hIcon;
FImages.AddIcon(Icon);
end;
finally
Icon.Free;
end;
end;
end.
这里还有一个使用它的示例测试应用程序，它非常简单，只是一个带有TPageControl的表单它。我的实际使用不是为了这个，而是在TcxGrid中的一个Developer Express TcxImageComboxBox。
Also here is an example test app using it, it's very simple, just a form with a TPageControl on it. My actual use was not for this, but for with a Developer Express TcxImageComboxBox in a TcxGrid.
unit Main;
{
Created : 2009-05-07
Description : Test app for TFileAssociationDetails.
}
interface
uses
Windows, Forms, FileAssociationDetails, Classes, Controls, ComCtrls;
type
TfmTest = class(TForm)
PageControl1: TPageControl;
procedure FormShow(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction);
private
{ Private declarations }
FFileDetails : TFileAssociationDetails;
public
{ Public declarations }
end;
var
fmTest: TfmTest;
implementation
{$R *.dfm}
procedure TfmTest.FormShow(Sender: TObject);
var
iCount : integer;
NewTab : TTabSheet;
begin
FFileDetails := TFileAssociationDetails.Create;
FFileDetails.AddFile('C:\Documents and Settings\...\Test.XLS');
FFileDetails.AddExtension('.zip');
FFileDetails.AddExtension('.pdf');
FFileDetails.AddExtension('.pas');
FFileDetails.AddExtension('.XML');
FFileDetails.AddExtension('.poo');
FFileDetails.GetFileIconsAndDescriptions;
PageControl1.Images := FFileDetails.Images;
for iCount := 0 to FFileDetails.Descriptions.Count - 1 do
begin
NewTab := TTabSheet.Create(PageControl1);
NewTab.PageControl := PageControl1;
NewTab.Caption := FFileDetails.Descriptions.Strings[iCount];
NewTab.ImageIndex := iCount;
end;
end;
procedure TfmTest.FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction);
begin
PageControl1.Images := nil;
FFileDetails.Free;
end;
end.
感谢大家的答案！
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