Capistrano 3改变ssh_options里面的任务 [英] Capistrano 3 change ssh_options inside task

问题描述

我试图用不同的ssh_options在同一阶段运行capistrano v.3任务。

I trying to run capistrano v.3 task in same stage with diferent ssh_options.

我的production.rb说：

my production.rb say:

set :stage, :production

set :user, 'deploy'
set :ssh_options, { user: 'deploy' }

使用此配置capistrano连接用户部署对于其余的taks来说是正确的。但是我需要通过在服务器中配置良好的 an_other_user 来连接一个特定任务。
然后我的食谱说：

With this configuration capistrano connect with user deploy which is correct for the rest of taks. But I need connect it for one specific task with an_other_user wich is well configured in server. Then my recipe say:

...
tasks with original user
...

task :my_task_with_an_other_user do
  set :user, 'an_other_user'
  set :ssh_options, { user: 'an_other_user' }

  on roles(:all) do |host|
    execute :mkdir, '-p', 'mydir'
  end
end

...
other tasks with original user
...

执行时：

cap production namespace：my_task_with_an_other_user

cap production namespace:my_task_with_an_other_user

capistrano make ssh conexion with original：userdeploy（用户声明在生产.rb）。

capistrano make ssh conexion with original :user "deploy" (the user declared in production.rb).

如何更改用户和/或ssh_options它内部的任务？

How can I change the user and/or ssh_options it inside task?

推荐答案

Capistrano 3

我很难找到解决方案。但解决方案比版本2更好。Cap团队做得很好。确保你已经更新了Capistrano到3.2.x +这是诀窍：

Capistrano 3

I had hard time finding out a solution. But the solution is much nicer than version 2. Cap team has done a great job. Make sure you have updated Capistrano to 3.2.x+ Here's the trick:

# in config/deploy/production.rb, or config/deploy/staging.rb
# These roles are used for deployment that works with Cap hooks
role :app, %w{[e-mail]}
role :web, %w{[e-mail]}
role :db,  %w{[e-mail]}

# Use additional roles to run side job out side Capistrano hooks
# 'foo' is another ssh user for none-release purpose tasks (mostly root tasks).
# e.g. user 'deploy' does not have root permission, but 'foo' has root permission.
# 'no_release' flag is important to flag this user will skip some standard hooks
# (e.g. scm/git/svn checkout )
role :foo_role, %w{[e-mail]}, no_release: true

确保部署和 'foo'用户可以将ssh插入框中。在你的任务中，使用关键字上的：

Make sure both 'deploy' & 'foo' user can ssh into the box. Within your tasks, use the on keyword:

task :restart do
  on roles(:foo_role) do
    sudo "service nginx restart"
  end
end

task :other_standard_deployment_tasks do
  on release_roles(:all) do
     # ...
  end
end

其他陷阱：

确保一些Capistrano任务跳过您添加的额外的无释放角色。否则，它可能会在部署期间导致文件权限问题。例如。 capistrano / bundler extension需要覆盖默认的 bundler_roles

Make sure some Capistrano tasks skips the additional no release role you added. Otherwise, it might cause file permission issues during deployment. E.g. capistrano/bundler extension need to override the default bundler_roles

set :bundler_roles, %w(web app db)  # excludes the no release role.

• 详细了解no_release标志：相关的Github问题。


• Read more about no_release flag: related Github issue.

我曾经有一个自定义函数来关闭和重新连接ssh会话。

I used to have a custom functions to close and reconnect ssh sessions.



• 参考 Paul Gross的博客


• Reference Paul Gross's Blog

在 deploy.rb 中放置以下方法。调用 with_user 来切换ssh会话。稍微简化的版本：

Place the following methods in deploy.rb. Call with_user to switch ssh session. Slightly simplified version:

def with_user(new_user, &block)
  old_user = user
  set :user, new_user
  close_sessions
  yield
  set :user, old_user
  close_sessions
end

def close_sessions
  sessions.values.each { |session| session.close }
  sessions.clear
end

用法：

task :update_nginx_config, :roles => :app do
  with_user "root" do
    sudo "nginx -s reload"
  end
end

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