python中的元组匹配字典键（元组） [英] partial match dictionary key(of tuples) in python

问题描述

我有一个字典将3tuple映射到3tuple，其中key-tuple有一些共同的元素

I have a dictionary that maps 3tuple to 3tuple where key-tuples have some element in common

dict= { (a,b,c):(1,2,3),
        (a,b,d):tuple1,
        (a,e,b):tuple,
        .
        (f,g,h):tuple3,
        .
        .
        .
        tuple:tuple
      }

现在我如何找到匹配的值到（a，b， anyX ）在字典 ie（1：2：3）和tuple1

now how can I find the values that match to (a,b,anyX) in a dictionary ie (1:2:3) and tuple1

这是计算机生成和非常大的，因此，需要努力确定anyX。

this is computer generated and very large thus, it takes effort to determine anyX.

所以，有什么好的方法我可以做到这一点？

so, any good ways I can do this?

编辑：（f，g，*），（f，*，g）到tuple3的部分匹配也将是有帮助的，但不是必需的。

edit:partial matching of (f,g,*),(f, *,g) to tuple3 will also be helpful but not necessary.

推荐答案

c> all 和 zip ：

>>> from itertools import permutations
>>> import random
#create a sample dict
>>> dic = {k:random.randint(1, 1000) for k in permutations('abcde', 3)}
def partial_match(key, d):
    for k, v in d.iteritems():
        if all(k1 == k2 or k2 is None  for k1, k2 in zip(k, key)):
            yield v
...         
>>> list(partial_match(('a', 'b', None), dic))
[541, 470, 734]
>>> list(partial_match(('a', None, 'b'), dic))
[460, 966, 45]
#Answer check
>>> [dic[('a', 'b', x)] for x in 'cde']
[541, 734, 470]
>>> [dic[('a', x, 'b')] for x in 'cde']
[966, 460, 45]

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