Python中的多个级别的键和值 [英] Multiple levels of keys and values in Python

问题描述

我想知道我想要在python中实现的功能是否可行。

我有一个名为Creatures的全局哈希。生物包含称为哺乳动物，两栖动物，鸟类，昆虫的小标题。

哺乳动物具有称为鲸鱼，大象的子哈希。两栖动物具有称为青蛙，幼虫的子哈希。鸟类有小雪叫鹰，长尾小鹦鹉。昆虫具有称为蜻蜓，蚊子的子花。

再次，老鹰们的子哈希叫做男性，女性。

我计算所有这些来自文本文件的生物。例如，如果文件格式如下：

 鸟鹰女
哺乳动物鲸鱼男
鸟鹰女
 
我应该输出生物[鸟[鹰[女]]] = 2 
生物[哺乳动物[鲸鱼[男]]] = 1 
  

是否可能在Python中？怎么办？我对Python很新，请大家帮忙。我只喜欢字典只能达到1级，即键 - 值。但是在这里，有多个键和多个值。我不知道如何进行这个。我使用的是python 2.6。感谢在advace！

解决方案

如果你只需要计数的东西 - 假设数据文件包含所有必需的级别的哈希 - 这将是诀窍：

  import collections 
 
 result = collections。 default dict（int）
 
 with open（beast，rt）as f：
 for f中的行
 hashes = line.split（）
 key =' - '。join（hashes）
 result [key] + = 1 
 
打印结果
  

生成结果：
defaultdict（< type'int'> {'Mammals-whales-Male'：1，'Birds-Eagle-女性'：2}）

如果您需要嵌套字典 - 该结果的后期处理仍然可行...

I wanted to know if the functionality i am trying to implement in python is possible.

I have a global hash called Creatures. Creatures contain sub-hashes called mammals, amphibians, birds, insects.

Mammals have sub-hashes called whales, elephants. Amphibians have sub-hashes called frogs, larvae. Birds have sub-hashes called Eagle, parakeet. Insects have sub-hashes called dragonfly, mosquito.

Again, Eagles have sub-hashes called male, female.

I am counting the frequencies of all these creatures from a text file. For example, if the file is in below format:

Birds   Eagle  Female
Mammals whales Male
Birds   Eagle  Female

I should output Creatures[Birds[Eagle[Female]]] = 2
                Creatures[mammals[Whales[Male]]] = 1  

Is it possible in Python? How can it be done? I am very new to Python and please help is much appreciated. I am comfortable with dictionaries only upto 1 level, i.e. key-> value. But here, there are multiple keys and multiple values. i am not sure how to proceed with this. I am using python 2.6. Thanks in advace!

解决方案

If you just have to "count" things -- and assuming the data file contains all the required level of "hashes" -- that will do the trick:

import collections

result = collections.defaultdict(int)

with open("beast","rt") as f:
    for line in f:
        hashes = line.split()
        key = '-'.join(hashes)
        result[key] += 1

print result

Producing the result:
defaultdict(<type 'int'>, {'Mammals-whales-Male': 1, 'Birds-Eagle-Female': 2})

If you require nested dictionary -- post-processing of that result is still possible...

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