使用字典替换字符串中的单词和replace（）函数的问题 [英] Issues with replacing words in a string using a dictionary and the replace() function

问题描述

说我有一个字典，一个字符串和该字符串中的单词列表。像这样：

  the_dictionary = {'我的'：'你的'，'我'：'你'，'你的' '我''''''我''
 
 the_string ='我以为这是你的
 
 list_string = ['我'，'想' '，'was'，'yours'] 
  

这是我的代码：

pre> for list_string中的单词：
如果word中的word为
the_string = the_string.replace（word，the_dictionary [word]，1 ）
print（the_string）


输入：我以为是你的

输出：你以为是我的

这里一切都很好，但如果我将输入更改为：

the_string =这是我的这是你的

输入：这是我的这是你的

输出： / em>这是我的这是你的

没有c挂起。

显然与事实上它们是一个键值对，但我希望这可以解决某种程度。

我的问题：为什么会发生这种情况？

请记住，我仍然是一个初学者，如果你可以假装我是孩子，同时解释它，感激不尽。

感谢您选择时间/ wazus

解决方案

问题是您正在调用每次都在 the_string 中替换，当用可选参数调用替换替换源字符串的第一次出现。

所以，第一次遇到我在 list_string ， the_string 被更改为这是你的这个是你的。到目前为止，这是预期的。

但是后来，您在中遇到 yours list_string ，你说 the_string = the_string.replace（'yours'，'mine'，1）。所以，在 the_string 中第一次出现 yours 将被替换为 mine ，这使我们回到原来的字符串。

这是一种解决方法：

<$ p $在[78]中：the_string =这是我的这是你的

在[79]：the_dictionary = {'我的'：'你的'，'我' ：'你'，'你''''''''''''

在[80]：list_string = the_string.split（）

[81]：for i，word in enumerate（list_string）：
if word in the_dictionary：
list_string [i] = the_dictionary [word]
....：

在[82]：print（''.join（list_string））
这是你的是我的

Say I have a dictionary, a string and a list of the words in that string. Like this:

the_dictionary={'mine': 'yours', 'I': 'you', 'yours': 'mine', 'you': 'I'}

the_string='I thought that was yours'

list_string=['I','thought','that','was','yours']

This is my code:

for word in list_string:            
        if word in the_dictionary:
            the_string=the_string.replace(word,the_dictionary[word],1)
print(the_string)

input: I thought that was yours

Output: you thought that was mine

Here everything works great, but if I change the input to:

the_string="That is mine that is yours"

Input: That is mine that is yours

Output: That is mine that is yours

Nothing changes.

Obviously it has something to do with the fact that they are a key-value pair but my hope is that this can be solved somehow.

My question: Why does this happen and can it be fixed?

Please keep in mind that I am still sort of a beginner and would appreciate it if you could pretend I am child while explaining it.

Thanks for taking the time /wazus

解决方案

The issue is that you are calling replace on the_string each time, and when called with the optional argument, replace replaces the first occurrences of the source string.

So, the first time you encounter mine in list_string, the_string gets changed to That is yours that is yours. So far, this is what is expected.

But later, you encounter yours in list_string, and you say the_string = the_string.replace('yours', 'mine', 1). So, the first occurrence of yours in the_string gets replaced with mine, which brings us back to the original string.

Here's one way to fix it:

In [78]: the_string="That is mine that is yours"

In [79]: the_dictionary={'mine': 'yours', 'I': 'you', 'yours': 'mine', 'you': 'I'}

In [80]: list_string = the_string.split()

In [81]: for i,word in enumerate(list_string):
    if word in the_dictionary:
        list_string[i] = the_dictionary[word]
   ....:         

In [82]: print(' '.join(list_string))
That is yours that is mine

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