如何使用Django中的不同设置进行单元测试？ [英] How to Unit test with different settings in Django?

问题描述

是否有简单的机制来覆盖单元测试的Django设置？我有一个经理在我的一个模型返回一个特定数量的最新对象。它返回的对象数量由NUM_LATEST设置定义。

如果有人要更改设置，这有可能使我的测试失败。如何覆盖 setUp（）上的设置，然后在 tearDown（）上恢复它们​​？如果这是不可能的，有没有办法我可以猴子修补方法或模拟设置？

编辑：这是我的经理代码：

  class LatestManager（models.Manager）：

返回一个特定数量的

 def get_query_set（self）
 num_latest = getattr（settings，'NEWS_NUM_LATEST'，10）
 return super（LatestManager，self）.get_query_set（）。filter（is_public = True）[：num_latest] 
  

经理使用 settings.NEWS_LATEST_MAX 来切片查询。

解决方案

$ {code> getattr（）仅用于提供默认设置。 div>

编辑：如果要更改 特定测试的小数量的设置，则此答案适用。

自Django 1.4以来，在测试过程中有办法覆盖设置：
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/testing/tools/#overriding-settings

TestCase将有一个self.settings上下文管理器，并且还将有一个@override_settings装饰器可以应用于测试方法或整个TestCase子类。

这些功能在Django 1.3中还不存在。

如果要更改所有测试的设置，您需要创建一个单独的设置文件进行测试，可以加载和覆盖从您的主设置文件设置。在其他答案中有几个很好的方法来实现;我看到 hspander的和 dmitrii的方法。

Is there any simple mechanism for overriding Django settings for a unit test? I have a manager on one of my models that returns a specific number of the latest objects. The number of objects it returns is defined by a NUM_LATEST setting.

This has the potential to make my tests fail if someone were to change the setting. How can I override the settings on setUp() and subsequently restore them on tearDown()? If that isn't possible, is there some way I can monkey patch the method or mock the settings?

EDIT: Here is my manager code:

class LatestManager(models.Manager):
    """
    Returns a specific number of the most recent public Articles as defined by 
    the NEWS_LATEST_MAX setting.
    """
    def get_query_set(self):
        num_latest = getattr(settings, 'NEWS_NUM_LATEST', 10)
        return super(LatestManager, self).get_query_set().filter(is_public=True)[:num_latest]

The manager uses settings.NEWS_LATEST_MAX to slice the queryset. The getattr() is simply used to provide a default should the setting not exist.

解决方案

EDIT: This answer applies if you want to change settings for a small number of specific tests.

Since Django 1.4, there are ways to override settings during tests: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/testing/tools/#overriding-settings

TestCase will have a self.settings context manager, and there will also be an @override_settings decorator that can be applied to either a test method or a whole TestCase subclass.

These features did not exist yet in Django 1.3.

If you want to change settings for all your tests, you'll want to create a separate settings file for test, which can load and override settings from your main settings file. There are several good approaches to this in the other answers; I have seen successful variations on both hspander's and dmitrii's approaches.

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