如何使用Django-rest-framework创建与模型不同的视图 [英] How do I create a view different than the model with Django-rest-framework

问题描述

所以，我有这两类服务器和数据中心;

So, I have this 2 classes of servers and datacenters;

 class Datacenter(models.Model):

    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    status = models.CharField(max_length=50)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

 class Servers(models.Model):

    datacenter = models.ForeignKey(Datacenter)
    hostname = models.CharField(max_length=50)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.hostname

创建一个视图，返回数据中心的详细信息以及所有相关的服务器，所以现在就这样做;

And want to create a view that returns the details of the datacenter plus all the servers that are related, so right now when I do;

http://127.0.0.1:8000/datacenter/1/

我得到的东西像

 {
   "id": 1,
   "name": "TestDC"
 }

但是我实际上想要得到的是这样的东西;

But what I'm actually looking to get is something like this;

{
"id": 1,
"name": "TestDC",
"Servers": [
    {
      "id": 1,
      "hostname": "Server1",
    },
    {
      "id": 2,
      "hostname": "Server2",
    }
  ]
}

现在我的看法是这样的;

Right now my view is this;

 class DatacenterViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):

     queryset = datacenter.objects.all()
     serializer_class = datacenterSerializer

和我的serialiazer;

and my serialiazer;

 class DatacenterSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
     class Meta:
         model = Datacenter
         fields = ('id','name')

我也希望以其他方式使用该服务器列表：

I also would like to have that server list in an other method like;

http://127.0.0.1:8000/datacenter/1/Servers

任何建议？

推荐答案

嵌套服务器：

如果你想要（几乎）你给出的输出作为样本，那就是这样的：

If you want (almost) exactly the output you gave as a sample, then it would be this:

class ServersSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Servers
        fields = ('id', 'hostname')

class DatacenterSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    servers = ServersSerializer(source='servers_set')

    class Meta:
        model = Datacenter
        fields = ('id', 'name')

如果要显示两个模型的所有字段，然后只需删除fields行。

If you want to show all fields for both models, then just drop the 'fields' line.

这也可以在没有source关键字参数的情况下工作，但需要相关名称才能匹配servers属性名称您可以通过将相关名称=服务器添加到Serv上的数据中心字段来实现ers模型）。

This could also work without the source keyword argument, but would require the related name to match the 'servers' property name (you could do this by adding related_name='servers' to the datacenter field on the Servers model).

DRF的文档相当不错，你关心的是序列化器关系

The docs for DRF are pretty good, the bits you care about are serializer relations

深度URL：

要实现嵌套的URL结构，您可以简单地创建一个与上述匹配的URL格式：

To achieve the nested URL structure, you could simply make an url pattern that matches the above like so:

url(r'^datacenter/(?P<datacenter_id>\d+)/Servers$', 'views.dc_servers',name="dc_servers")

这将以数据中心的ID作为kwarg datacenter_id 调用您的视图。然后，您可以使用该ID通过datacenter_id过滤视图的查询。

which would call your view with the ID of the Datacenter as the kwarg datacenter_id. You would then use that ID to filter the queryset of your view by datacenter_id.

您必须查看如何自己编写该视图，这里是查看文档，让您开始。

You'll have to look into how to write that view yourself, here are the views docs to get you started.

几个通用Django提示：模型通常应该有单数名称而不是复数，并且添加一个related_name参数通常是一件好事（显式超过隐式）。

A couple of general Django tips: Models should usually have singular names rather than plural and adding a related_name argument is usually a good thing (explicit over implicit).

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