从PHP发送HTML电子邮件 [英] Sending HTML email from PHP

问题描述

我正在尝试从PHP发送一个简单的HTML电子邮件。下面的代码简单地导致了GMail中的一封空白电子邮件。它还有一个空的附件，叫做noname，这根本不是我想要的;虽然这可能只是一个不起作用的症状。

我使用的代码是：

 <？php 
 //定义电子邮件的接收者
 $ to ='[e-mail]'; 
 //定义电子邮件的主题
 $ subject ='测试HTML电子邮件'; 
 //创建边界字符串。它必须是唯一的
 //所以我们使用MD5算法来生成随机哈希
 $ random_hash = md5（date（'r'，time（）））; 
 //定义要传递的标题。请注意，它们与\\\
 
 $ headers =From：[e-mail]\r\\\
Reply-To：[e-mail]分开; 
 //添加边界字符串和mime类型规范
 $ headers。=\r\\\
Content-Type：multipart / alternative; boundary = \PHP-alt  - 。$ random_hash。 \ ; 
 //定义消息的正文。 
 ob_start（）; //打开输出缓冲
？> 
 --PHP-alt-<？php echo $ random_hash; ？> 
 MIME版本：1.0 
内容类型：text / plain; charset =iso-8859-1
 Content-Transfer-Encoding：7bit 
 
 Hello World！ 
这是简单的文本电子邮件。 
 
 --PHP-alt-<？php echo $ random_hash; ？> 
 MIME版本：1.0 
内容类型：text / html; charset =iso-8859-1
 Content-Transfer-Encoding：7bit 
 
< h2> Hello World！< / h2> 
< p>这是< b> HTML< / b>格式化的东西< / p> 
 
 --PHP-alt-<？php echo $ random_hash; ？>  -  
< ;? 
 //将当前缓冲区内容复制到$ message变量中并删除当前输出缓冲区
 $ message = ob_get_clean（）; 
 //发送电子邮件
 $ mail_sent = @mail（$ to，$ subject，$ message，$ headers）; 
 //如果邮件发送成功打印邮件发送。否则打印邮件失败
 echo $ mail_sent？ 邮件发送：邮件失败; 
  

解决方案

原来，关键是编码类型。而不是：

  Content-Type：text / plain;我需要使用：
  Content-Type：text / plain; charset = us-ascii 
  
它可能依赖于如何将您的PHP文件保存在您的自己的文本编辑器我没有看过，但PHP中的 iconv 函数也可能给我带来了一些喜悦。所以我认为这部分是非常敏感的。
 
 
 
这是一个更好的示例代码片段，用于展示端到端的整体：
  $ notice_text =这是MIME格式的多部分消息。 
 $ plain_text =这是一个纯文本的电子邮件。\\\\,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 
 $ html_text =< html>< body>这是< b style ='color：purple'> HTML< / b>文本电子邮件。 ; /体>< / HTML>中; 
 
 $ semi_rand = md5（time（））; 
 $ mime_boundary === MULTIPART_BOUNDARY_ $ semi_rand; 
 $ mime_boundary_header = chr（34）。 $ mime_boundary。 CHR（34）; 
 
 $ to =Me< [e-mail]>; 
 $ from =Me.com< [e-mail]>; 
 $ subject =我的电子邮件; 
 
 $ body =$ notice_text 
 
  -  $ mime_boundary 
内容类型：text / plain; charset = us-ascii 
内容转移-Encoding：7bit 
 
 $ plain_text 
 
  -  $ mime_boundary 
内容类型：text / html; charset = us-ascii 
内容转移-Encoding：7bit 
 
 $ html_text 
 
  -  $ mime_boundary--; 
 
 if（@mail（$ to，$ subject，$ body，
From：。$ from。\\\

MIME-Version：1.0 
内容类型：multipart / alternative; \\\

boundary =$ mime_boundary_header））
 echo电子邮件已成功发送。 
 else 
 echo电子邮件不成功发送; 
 
退出; 
  
 -Kevin 
 
I am trying to send a simple HTML e-mail from PHP.  The code below simply results in a blank e-mail in GMail.  It also has an empty attachment called 'noname', which is not at all what I want; though that might just be a symptom of it not working.

The code I am using is:
<?php
//define the receiver of the email
$to = '[e-mail]';
//define the subject of the email
$subject = 'Test HTML email';
//create a boundary string. It must be unique
//so we use the MD5 algorithm to generate a random hash
$random_hash = md5(date('r', time()));
//define the headers we want passed. Note that they are separated with \r\n
$headers = "From: [e-mail]\r\nReply-To: [e-mail]";
//add boundary string and mime type specification
$headers .= "\r\nContent-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=\"PHP-alt-".$random_hash."\"";
//define the body of the message.
ob_start(); //Turn on output buffering
?>
--PHP-alt-<?php echo $random_hash; ?> 
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Hello World!!! 
This is simple text email message. 

--PHP-alt-<?php echo $random_hash; ?> 
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

<h2>Hello World!</h2>
<p>This is something with <b>HTML</b>formatting.</p>

--PHP-alt-<?php echo $random_hash; ?>--
<?
//copy current buffer contents into $message variable and delete current output buffer
$message = ob_get_clean();
//send the email
$mail_sent = @mail( $to, $subject, $message, $headers );
//if the message is sent successfully print "Mail sent". Otherwise print "Mail failed" 
echo $mail_sent ? "Mail sent" : "Mail failed";

解决方案
It turns out the key is the encoding type.  Instead of:
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
I needed to use:
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
It might depend on stuff as detailed as how you save the PHP file in your own text editor.  I haven't looked into it, but the iconv function in PHP may have brought me some joy too.  So I think this part is really sensitive.

Here is a better snippet of sample code that shows the whole thing end-to-end:
$notice_text = "This is a multi-part message in MIME format.";
$plain_text = "This is a plain text email.\r\nIt is very cool.";
$html_text = "<html><body>This is an <b style='color:purple'>HTML</b> text email.\r\nIt is very cool.</body></html>";

$semi_rand = md5(time());
$mime_boundary = "==MULTIPART_BOUNDARY_$semi_rand";
$mime_boundary_header = chr(34) . $mime_boundary . chr(34);

$to = "Me <[e-mail]>";
$from = "Me.com <[e-mail]>";
$subject = "My Email";

$body = "$notice_text

--$mime_boundary
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

$plain_text

--$mime_boundary
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

$html_text

--$mime_boundary--";

if (@mail($to, $subject, $body,
    "From: " . $from . "\n" .
    "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" .
    "Content-Type: multipart/alternative;\n" .
    "     boundary=" . $mime_boundary_header))
    echo "Email sent successfully.";
else
    echo "Email NOT sent successfully!";

exit;
-Kevin

                        
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