Rails邮件错误与内联附件 [英] Rails mailer error with inline attachment

问题描述

我在Action Mailer中有一个非常罕见的行为，我已经实施了5个月前的邮件操作，它正在工作，但昨天，由于一些奇怪的原因，它崩溃了。

问题

我有一个邮件布局，以便在我的所有电子邮件中使用它，在其中我渲染之前由之前附加的图像过滤器

布局= app / views / layouts / email.html.erb

 < html> 
< head> 
< meta http-equiv =Content-Typecontent =text / html; charset = utf-8> 
< title> Visionamos< / title> 
< link rel =stylesheettype =text / csshref =<％=/ assets / email.css％>> 
< / head> 
< body> 
< table> 
< tr> 
< td id =head> 
< table> 
< tr class =image> 
< td><％= image_tag（attachments ['visionamos.png']。url）％>< / td> 
 ... 
 .. 
。 
  

User Mailer = app / mailers / users.rb

  class UsuariosMailer< ActionMailer :: Base 
 include AbstractController :: Callbacks＃include controller callbacks 
 default：from => [e-mail]
布局邮件#Set电子邮件布局
 before_filter：add_inline_attachments！ ＃为所有动作添加图像头
 
 def otp_password（user，otp_key）
 @usuario = user 
 @code = otp_key 
 email_with_name =＃{@ usuario。 nombre}<＃{@ usuario.email}> 
 mail（：to => email_with_name，：subject =>一次性密码，Plataforma Visionamos）
 end 
 
 private 
 def add_inline_attachments！ 
 attachments.inline ['visionamos.png'] = File.read（＃{Rails.root} /app/assets/images/visionamos.png）
 end 
 end 
  

现在，当我尝试发送电子邮件时，收到此错误

  NoMethodError  - 未定义的方法匹配为nil：NilClass：
 mail（2.5.4）lib / mail / utilities.rb：112：in `unbracket'
 mail（2.5.4）lib / mail / part.rb：29：在`cid'
 mail（2.5.4）lib / mail / part.rb：33：在`url '
 app / views / layouts / mail.html.erb：13：在`_app_views_layouts_mail_html_erb__573848672563180413_70191451095440'
< td><％= image_tag（attachments ['visionamos.png']。url）％> ;< / TD> 
  

但图像附加到电子邮件

 >>附件['visionamos.png'] 
 => ＃< Mail :: Part：70191451538040，Multipart：false，标题：< Content-Type：image / png; filename =visionamos.png>< Content-Transfer-Encoding：binary>，< Content-Disposition：inline; filename =visionamos.png>，< content-id：>> 
  

我的DevEnv

Mac与Maverics
Ruby 2.0 + Rails 3.2.16

Plus

• 电子邮件在我的亚马逊ec2实例中，在我的同事环境（ubuntu和mac）中


• 如果我在布局中删除了image_tag方法，则会发送电子邮件，图像显示为附件，否inline

更新!!!

我试过@Gene解决方案但是即使是发送电子邮件，图像也是正常的附件，没有内联，所以深入地查看，我发现这个

 >> ; attachments.inline ['visionamos.png']。header 
 => ＃< Mail :: Header：0x00000106cf6870 @ errors = []，@ charset = nil，@ raw_source =，@fields = [＃< Mail :: Field：0x00000106cf60c8 @field =＃< Mail :: ContentTypeField： 0x00000106cf5fd8 @ charset = nil，@ main_type =image，@ sub_type =png，@parameters = {filename=>visionamos.png}，@ name =Content-Type，@ length = ，@ tree = nil，@element =＃< Mail :: ContentTypeElement：0x00000106cf5d30 @ main_type =image，@ sub_type =png，@parameters = [{filename=>visionamos.png}] > @ value =image / png; filename = \visionamos.png \@ filename =visionamos.png> @ field_order_id = 23>，＃< Mail :: Field：0x00000106d17390 @field =＃< Mail :: ContentTransferEncodingField：0x00000106d172a0 @ charset = nil，@ name =Content-Transfer-Encoding，@ length = nil，@ tree = nil，@element =＃< Mail :: ContentTransferEncodingElement：0x00000106d16ff8 @ encoding =binary> @ value =binary> @ field_order_id = 24>＃< Mail :: Field：0x00000106d14a78 @field =＃< Mail :: ContentDispositionField：0x00000106d14960 @ charset = @名称=C ontent-Disposition，@ length = nil，@ tree = nil，@element =＃< Mail :: ContentDispositionElement：0x00000106d145c8 @ disposition_type =inline，@parameters = [{filename=>visionamos.png }]> @ value =inline; filename = \visionamos.png\@parameters = {filename=>visionamos.png}，@ filename =visionamos.png> @ field_order_id = 26> Mail :: Field：0x00000106d3e8f0 @field =＃< Mail :: UnstructuredField：0x00000106d5ef60 @errors = [[content-id，nil，＃< Mail :: Field :: ParseError：Mail :: MessageIdsElement can not parse | < 52fe636fae8a6_686085098c087130 @ MacBook Pro de Ruben.mail> | 
  

原因是：预期的一个！ ，$，％，&'，'，*，+， - ，/，=，？，^，_，`，{，|，}，〜，@，字节40）在< 52fe636fae8a6_686085098c087130 @ MacBook>]]，@ charset =＃，@ name =content-id，@ length = nil，@ tree = nil，@ element = nil，@value =>，@

有趣的部分是

  < Mail :: Field :: ParseError：Mail :: MessageIdsElement无法解析|< 52fe636fae8a6_686085098c087130 @ MacBook Pro de Ruben.mail> | 
 
原因是：预期的一个！，＃，$，％，&'，*，+， - ，/，=，？，^，_，`，{， ，〜，@，。，，>在< 52fe636fae8a6_686085098c087130 @ MacBook>]之后的第1列40（字节40）]，
  

解决方案

我查看了邮件来源。

只有当内容id字段为nil时才会发生，但调用 .url 应将内容标识设置为空字符串，除非 has_content_id？返回true，这意味着multipart头文件中已经有一个内容id字段。

这没有发生，所以我们必须有一个奇怪的情况，标题对象正在报告 has_content_id？ true但是正在返回 content_id nil 。

尝试在设置图形后立即设置内容标识字段。

 附件['visionamos.png']。header ['content-id'] ='logo.graphic'
  / pre> 
 
 
如果这样做，仍然是为什么有必要的困惑。您是否对邮件配置或代码进行了任何其他更改？您是否升级了任何宝石？
 
 
 
 追加问题编辑的追加 
 
 
 
标题解析器似乎是失败的，因为id  ... @ MacBook Pro de Ruben.mail 中有空格。尝试重新命名计算机没有空格！我猜这是邮件中的错误。空间应该被淘汰或被替换为合法的角色。 
 
 
 
我的猜测是，这也将修复原始问题，您不需要设置 content-id 再手动因此，另一个猜测：您更改了机器名称或将开发移动到新机器。那就是bug出现！
 
I have a very rare behavior in Action Mailer, I had implement a mailer action like 5 months ago and it was working, but yesterday, for some strange reason, it crashed.

The problem

I have a mail layout, in order to use it in all my emails, in it I render an image that is attached previously by a before filter

Layout = app/views/layouts/email.html.erb
<html>
  <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
    <title>Visionamos</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href=<%="/assets/email.css" %>>
  </head>
  <body>
   <table>
    <tr>
     <td id="head">
      <table>
       <tr class="image">
         <td><%= image_tag(attachments['visionamos.png'].url) %></td>
...
..
.
User Mailer = app/mailers/users.rb
class UsuariosMailer < ActionMailer::Base
  include AbstractController::Callbacks # include controller callbacks
  default :from => "[e-mail]"
  layout "mail" #Set email layout 
  before_filter :add_inline_attachments! # Add image header for all actions

  def otp_password(user, otp_key)
    @usuario = user
    @code = otp_key
    email_with_name = "#{@usuario.nombre} <#{@usuario.email}>"
    mail(:to => email_with_name, :subject => "One time password, Plataforma Visionamos")
  end

  private
   def add_inline_attachments!
   attachments.inline['visionamos.png'] = File.read("#{Rails.root}/app/assets/images/visionamos.png")
  end
end
Now, when I try to send the email I'm, getting this error
NoMethodError - undefined method `match' for nil:NilClass:
mail (2.5.4) lib/mail/utilities.rb:112:in `unbracket'
mail (2.5.4) lib/mail/part.rb:29:in `cid'
mail (2.5.4) lib/mail/part.rb:33:in `url'
app/views/layouts/mail.html.erb:13:in     `_app_views_layouts_mail_html_erb__573848672563180413_70191451095440'
<td><%= image_tag(attachments['visionamos.png'].url) %></td>
But the image is attached to the email
>> attachments['visionamos.png']
=> #<Mail::Part:70191451538040, Multipart: false, Headers: <Content-Type: image/png;   filename="visionamos.png">, <Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary>, <Content-Disposition: inline; filename="visionamos.png">, <content-id: >>


My DevEnv

Mac with Maverics
Ruby 2.0 + Rails 3.2.16

Plus


The email is working in my amazon ec2 instance, in my coworkers environments (ubuntu and mac)
If I delete the image_tag method in layout, the email is sent and the image is show as attachment, no inline


Update!!!

I've tried @Gene solution but even the email is sent, the images are normal attachments, no inline, so looking deeply, I found this
>> attachments.inline['visionamos.png'].header
=> #<Mail::Header:0x00000106cf6870 @errors=[], @charset=nil, @raw_source="", @fields=[#<Mail::Field:0x00000106cf60c8 @field=#<Mail::ContentTypeField:0x00000106cf5fd8 @charset=nil, @main_type="image", @sub_type="png", @parameters={"filename"=>"visionamos.png"}, @name="Content-Type", @length=nil, @tree=nil, @element=#<Mail::ContentTypeElement:0x00000106cf5d30 @main_type="image", @sub_type="png", @parameters=[{"filename"=>"visionamos.png"}]>, @value="image/png; filename=\"visionamos.png\"", @filename="visionamos.png">, @field_order_id=23>, #<Mail::Field:0x00000106d17390 @field=#<Mail::ContentTransferEncodingField:0x00000106d172a0 @charset=nil, @name="Content-Transfer-Encoding", @length=nil, @tree=nil, @element=#<Mail::ContentTransferEncodingElement:0x00000106d16ff8 @encoding="binary">, @value="binary">, @field_order_id=24>, #<Mail::Field:0x00000106d14a78 @field=#<Mail::ContentDispositionField:0x00000106d14960 @charset=nil, @name="Content-Disposition", @length=nil, @tree=nil, @element=#<Mail::ContentDispositionElement:0x00000106d145c8 @disposition_type="inline", @parameters=[{"filename"=>"visionamos.png"}]>, @value="inline; filename=\"visionamos.png\"", @parameters={"filename"=>"visionamos.png"}, @filename="visionamos.png">, @field_order_id=26>, #<Mail::Field:0x00000106d3e8f0 @field=#<Mail::UnstructuredField:0x00000106d5ef60 @errors=[["content-id", nil, #<Mail::Field::ParseError: Mail::MessageIdsElement can not parse |<52fe636fae8a6_686085098c087130@MacBook Pro de Ruben.mail>|
Reason was: Expected one of !, #, $, %, &, ', *, +, -, /, =, ?, ^, _, `, {, |, }, ~, @, ., ", > at line 1, column 40 (byte 40) after <52fe636fae8a6_686085098c087130@MacBook>]], @charset=#, @name="content-id", @length=nil, @tree=nil, @element=nil, @value="">, @field_order_id=100>]>

The interesting part is 
 #<Mail::Field::ParseError: Mail::MessageIdsElement can not parse |<52fe636fae8a6_686085098c087130@MacBook Pro de Ruben.mail>|

 Reason was: Expected one of !, #, $, %, &, ', *, +, -, /, =, ?, ^, _, `, {, |, }, ~, @, ., ", > at line 1, column 40 (byte 40) after <52fe636fae8a6_686085098c087130@MacBook>]],
    
解决方案
I looked at the mail source.  

This error can only occur if the content id field is nil.  However calling .url should be setting the content id to an empty string unless has_content_id? is returning true, meaning there's already a content id field in the multipart header.  

This is not happening, so we must have a strange case where the header object is reporting has_content_id? true yet is returning a content_id of nil.

Try setting the content id field explicitly just after you set the graphic.
attachments['visionamos.png'].header['content-id'] = 'logo.graphic'
If this works, there's still the puzzle of why it's necessary. Did you make any other changes to mailer configuration or code?   Did you upgrade any gems?

Addition responding to question edit

The header parser seems to be failing because there are spaces in the id ...@MacBook Pro de Ruben.mail. Try re-naming the computer with no spaces! I guess this constitutes a bug in mail. Spaces should be elided or replaced with a legal character. 

My guess is that this will also fix the original problem, and you won't need to set the content-id manually any more. Hence another guess: you changed machine name or moved development to a new machine. and that's when the bug appeared!

                        
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