从Rails 3.0.3中的URL正确解码特殊字符 [英] Unescape special characters correctly from the URL in Rails 3.0.3

问题描述

我使用Rails 3.0.3与REE（Ruby 1.8.7）和gem'mysql2'，'0.2.6'

有一个搜索功能我的项目使人们能够使用GET方法使用URL或使用表单，然后生成URL。

示例：

我想搜索：

$ b原始城市：Århus，丹麦和目的地城市：亚美尼亚，巴拉圭

他们都有一个特殊字符：Å和ó，所以当有人点击搜索按钮时，URL将被生成。 / p>

 ？& origin =％C5rhus％2C％20Denmark& destination = Asunci％F3n％2C％20Paraguay 
  

问题：

当我搜索那个城市，这不像我想要的那样（我尝试使用像CGI，URI甚至一些宝石）。

当我在控制台看到时，ActiveRecord收到这样的查询：

 参数：{destination=>Asunci n，Paraguay，origin=> rhus，Denmark，sort=>newest} 
城市负载0.1ms）SELECT`cities` * FROM`cities` WHERE（`cities`.`name` =' rhus'）ORDER BY cities.name ASC 
城市负载（6.8ms）SELECT`cities` * FROM`cities` WHERE（`cities`.`name` ='Asunci n，Paraguay'）ORDER BY cities.name ASC 
  

结论：找不到城市：（

但是，我发现一个有趣的事情： p>

• 当我对与此功能相关的文件发出错误时，输出将如下所示：

  
  
  

  请求

   参数：
   {destination=>Asunción，
  巴拉圭，
  origin=>Århus，
  丹麦，
  sort=>newest} 
    

这是一个有效的！ / p>

问题：

你们有一个想法如何解决这个问题吗？感谢提前：）

解决方案

你说得对，看起来你有一个编码问题。 ISO-8859-1（AKA Latin-1）中的0xC5字符为Å a>，在UTF-8中，URL将是％C3％85 。

我怀疑你在客户端使用JavaScript，并且您的JavaScript正在使用旧的 escape 功能来构建URL， escape 具有非ASCII字符的一些问题。如果是这种情况，那么您应该升级JavaScript以使用 encodeURIComponent 。看看这个小演示，你会看到我在说什么：

http://jsfiddle.net/ambiguous/U5A3k/

如果您无法更改客户端脚本，那么您可以使用 force_encoding 和 encoding ：

 >> s = CGI.unescape（'％C5rhus％2C％20Denmark'）
 => \xC5rhus，Denmark
>> s.encoding 
 => ＃<编码：UTF-8是氢。 
>> s.force_encoding（'iso-8859-1'）
 => \xC5rhus，Denmark
>> s.encoding 
 => ＃<编码：ISO-8859-1> 
>> s.encode！（'utf-8'）
 => Århus，Denmark
>> s.encoding 
 => ＃<编码：UTF-8是氢。 
  

你应该得到一些类似\xC5rhus，Denmark从 params ，您可以通过以下方式解开：

  s = params [：whatever] .force_encoding（'iso-8859-1'）。encode（'utf-8'）
  

在服务器端处理这个将是最后的手段，但如果您的客户端代码发回错误的编码数据，那么您将在服务器上留下一堆猜测，以确定什么编码实际上用于将其转化为URL。

I'm using Rails 3.0.3 with REE ( Ruby 1.8.7 ) and gem 'mysql2', '0.2.6'

There's a search feature in my project that enable people to use the GET method using URL or using forms and then generate the URL.

Example:

I want to search:

origin city: "Århus, Denmark" and destination city: "Asunción, Paraguay"

they both have a special character: "Å" and "ó", so the URL will be generated like this when someone click the search button.

?&origin=%C5rhus%2C%20Denmark&destination=Asunci%F3n%2C%20Paraguay

Problem:

When i search that city, it's not unescaped like i want ( i tried using like CGI, URI, even some gems).

When i see at the console, ActiveRecord received the query like this:

Parameters: {"destination"=>"Asunci�n, Paraguay", "origin"=>"�rhus, Denmark", "sort"=>"newest"}
City Load (0.1ms)  SELECT `cities`.* FROM `cities` WHERE (`cities`.`name` = '�rhus') ORDER BY cities.name ASC
City Load (6.8ms)  SELECT `cities`.* FROM `cities` WHERE (`cities`.`name` = 'Asunci�n, Paraguay') ORDER BY cities.name ASC

Conclusion: the cities can't be found :(

But, i found an interesting thing:

• When i made an error on the file asociated with this function, the output will be like this :

  Request

  Parameters:
  {"destination"=>"Asunción,
  Paraguay",
  "origin"=>"Århus,
  Denmark",
  "sort"=>"newest"}
  

it's a valid one!

Question:

Do you guys have an idea how to solve this? Thanks in advance :)

解决方案

You're right, it looks like you have an encoding problem somewhere. The 0xC5 character is "Å" in ISO-8859-1 (AKA Latin-1), in UTF-8 it would be %C3%85 in the URL.

I suspect that you're using JavaScript on the client side and that your JavaScript is using the old escape function to build the URL, escape has some issues with non-ASCII characters. If this is the case, then you should upgrade your JavaScript to use encodeURIComponent instead. Have a look at this little demo and you'll see what I'm talking about:

http://jsfiddle.net/ambiguous/U5A3k/

If you can't change the client-side script then you can do it the hard way in Ruby using force_encoding and encoding:

>> s = CGI.unescape('%C5rhus%2C%20Denmark')
=> "\xC5rhus, Denmark"
>> s.encoding
=> #<Encoding:UTF-8>
>> s.force_encoding('iso-8859-1')
=> "\xC5rhus, Denmark"
>> s.encoding
=> #<Encoding:ISO-8859-1>
>> s.encode!('utf-8')
=> "Århus, Denmark"
>> s.encoding
=> #<Encoding:UTF-8>

You should get something like "\xC5rhus, Denmark" from params and you could unmangle that with:

s = params[:whatever].force_encoding('iso-8859-1').encode('utf-8')

Dealing with this on the server side would be a last resort though, if your client-side code is sending back incorrectly encoded data then you'll be left with a pile of guesswork on the server to figure out what encoding was actually used to get it into the URL.

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