进程和线程有什么区别？ [英] What is the difference between a process and a thread?

问题描述

过程和线程之间的技术差异是什么？

What is the technical difference between a process and a thread?

我感觉到一个像进程被过度使用的单词，还有硬件和软件线程。如 Erlang 等语言的轻量级流程如何？有没有一个明确的理由来使用一个术语？

I get the feeling a word like 'process' is overused and there are also hardware and software threads. How about light-weight processes in languages like Erlang? Is there a definitive reason to use one term over the other?

推荐答案

进程和线程都是独立的执行序列。典型的区别是线程（相同进程）在共享内存空间中运行，而进程在单独的内存空间中运行。

Both processes and threads are independent sequences of execution. The typical difference is that threads (of the same process) run in a shared memory space, while processes run in separate memory spaces.

我不知道什么硬件vs软件线程可能是指的。线程是一个操作环境功能，而不是CPU功能（尽管CPU通常具有使线程有效的操作）。

I'm not sure what "hardware" vs "software" threads you might be referring to. Threads are an operating environment feature, rather than a CPU feature (though the CPU typically has operations that make threads efficient).

Erlang使用术语进程，因为它不暴露共享内存多重编程模型。调用他们的线程将意味着他们有共享内存。

Erlang uses the term "process" because it does not expose a shared-memory multiprogramming model. Calling them "threads" would imply that they have shared memory.

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