如何用Vim中的换行符替换一个字符? [英] How to replace a character by a newline in Vim?
问题描述
我正在尝试用新行替换当前文件中的每个,
I'm trying to replace each ,
in the current file by a new line:
:%s/,/\n/g
但是它插入看起来像一个 ^ @
而不是实际的换行符。该文件不在DOS模式或任何东西。
But it inserts what looks like a ^@
instead of an actual newline. The file is not in DOS mode or anything.
我该怎么办?
编辑: 如果您好奇,像我一样,检查问题 为什么
If you are curious, like me, check the question Why is \r a newline for Vim? as well.
推荐答案
使用 \r
而不是 \\\
。
替换为 \\\
在文本中插入一个空字符。要获取换行符,请使用
\r
。当搜索换行符时,您仍然可以使用 \\\
。这种不对称是由于
\\\
和
\r
做稍微不同的事情:
Use \r
instead of \n
.
Substituting by \n
inserts a null character into the text. To get a newline, use \r
. When searching for a newline, you’d still use \n
, however. This asymmetry is due to the fact that \n
and \r
do slightly different things:
\\\
匹配行尾(换行符),而
\r
匹配回车符。另一方面,在替换 \\\
中插入一个空字符,而
\r
插入一个换行符,它被视为输入< CR> )。这是一个很小的非互动的例子来说明这一点,使用Vim命令行功能(换句话说,您可以将以下内容复制并粘贴到终端中以运行它)。 xxd
显示生成的文件的十六进制。
\n
matches an end of line (newline), whereas \r
matches a carriage return. On the other hand, in substitutions \n
inserts a null character whereas \r
inserts a newline (more precisely, it’s treated as the input <CR>). Here’s a small, non-interactive example to illustrate this, using the Vim command line feature (in other words, you can copy and paste the following into a terminal to run it). xxd
shows a hexdump of the resulting file.
echo bar > test
(echo 'Before:'; xxd test) > output.txt
vim test '+s/b/\n/' '+s/a/\r/' +wq
(echo 'After:'; xxd test) >> output.txt
more output.txt
Before:
0000000: 6261 720a bar.
After:
0000000: 000a 720a ..r.
换句话说, \\\
将字节0x00插入文本;
\r
已插入字节0x0a。
In other words, \n
has inserted the byte 0x00 into the text; \r
has inserted the byte 0x0a.
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