在bash中转义字符（对于JSON） [英] Escaping characters in bash (for JSON)

问题描述

我正在使用git，然后将提交消息和其他位作为JSON负载发送到服务器。

目前我有：

  MSG =`git log -n 1 --format = oneline | grep -o'.\ +'`
  

它将MSG设置为：

 日历今天不能回去
  

然后

  curl -i -X POST \ 
 -H'接受：应用程序/ text'\ 
 -H'Content-type：application / json'\ 
 -d{'payload'：{'message'：'$ MSG'}}\ 
'https://example.com'
  

我的真正的JSON还有另外几个字段。 / p>

这个工作正常，但当然我有一个提交信息，如上面的一个撇号，JSON是无效的。

如何避免bash中需要的字符？我不熟悉语言，所以我不知道从哪里开始。将'替换为 \'将至少可以完成这项工作。

<确定方法可以找出做什么的div class =h2_lin>解决方案Bash本来就像预期一样支持，尽管一如以往，语法不是很可猜测！

本质上 $ {string // substring / replacement } 返回您想要的图像，因此您可以使用

  MSG = $ {MSG // \'/ \\\'} 
  

这样做。下一个问题是第一个正则表达式不再工作，但可以用

  git log -n 1替换 - -pretty =格式：'％s'
  

最后，我甚至不需要逃脱他们。相反，我只是将所有的JSON交换到\\，那么你每天都会学到一些东西。

I'm using git, then posting the commit message and other bits as a JSON payload to a server.

Currently I have:

MSG=`git log -n 1 --format=oneline | grep -o ' .\+'`

which sets MSG to something like:

Calendar can't go back past today

then

curl -i -X POST \
  -H 'Accept: application/text' \
  -H 'Content-type: application/json' \
  -d "{'payload': {'message': '$MSG'}}" \
  'https://example.com'

My real JSON has another couple of fields.

This works fine, but of course when I have a commit message such as the one above with an apostrophe in it, the JSON is invalid.

How can I escape the characters required in bash? I'm not familiar with the language, so am not sure where to start. Replacing ' with \' would do the job at minimum I suspect.

解决方案

OK, found out what to do. Bash supports this natively as expected, though as always, the syntax isn't really very guessable!

Essentially ${string//substring/replacement} returns what you'd image, so you can use

MSG=${MSG//\'/\\\'}

To do this. The next problem is that the first regex doesn't work anymore, but that can be replaced with

git log -n 1 --pretty=format:'%s'

In the end, I didn't even need to escape them. Instead, I just swapped all the ' in the JSON to \". Well, you learn something every day.

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