使用sed和find命令的树功能 [英] Tree functionality using sed and find command

问题描述

  find。 -type d -print | sed -e's; [^ /] * /; | ____; g; s; ____ | |; g'
  

通过unix.com上的命令行，在UNIX中充当树命令。
我想要有人解释一下sed命令到底在做什么。
我无法理解语法

现在我知道基本的sed命令语法。

PS：命令完美无缺，论坛在论坛中关闭。

< find 命令只查找目录并打印它们。

sed 命令如下：

  sed -e's; [^ /] * /; | ____; g; s; ____ |; |; g'
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 | | 
 |替换____ |用| 
将所有内容替换为最后一个/ with ____ 
  

让我们看一下action中的命令step by步骤：

找到所有的目录并打印它的名字：

pre $ $ find。 -type d -print
。
./python
./python/mytest
./python/mytest2
./python/mytest2/bk
./python/mytest2/infiles
./bash
./bash/backup
./awk
./sed


用 ____ 替换最后一个 / ：

• sed -e's; [^ /] * /; | ____; g'
  
  
  
  • [^ /] * - >获取所有字符（ * ）不同于 / 。请注意， ^ 代表否定。
  
  
  • / - >匹配一个 / 。
  
  
  • 给出该块，用字符串 | ____
  
  



查看示例：

  $ echohello / how / are / you| sed's; [^ /] * / ;; g'
 you 
 
 $ echohello / how / are / you| sed's; [^ /] * /; | ____; g'
 | ____ | ____ | ____ you 
  

在这种情况下：

  $ find。 -type d -print | sed -e's; [^ /] * /; | ____; g'
。 
 | ____ python 
 | ____ | ____ mytest 
 | ____ | ____ mytes2 
 | ____ | ____ | ____ bk 
 | ____ | ____ | ____ infiles 
 | ____ bash 
 | ____ | ____备份
 | ____ awk 
 | ____ sed 
  

替换 ____ | with | ：

  $ find。 -type d -print | sed -e's; [^ /] * /; | ____; g; s; ____ | |; g'
。 
 | ____ python 
 | | ____ mytest 
 | | ____ mytest2 
 | | | ____ bk 
 | | | ____ infiles 
 | ____ bash 
 | | ____备份
 | ____ awk 
 | ____ sed 
  

我们通常会看到 sed 表达式：

  sed's / hello / bye / g'
  

但是如果您怀疑 / 可以使用不同的分隔符有问题。所以在这种情况下，分隔符是; ：

  sed's; hello; bye; g'
  

最后请注意：

  sed -e's; [^ /] * /; | ____; g; s; ____ | |; g'
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
第一命令第二命令
  

意味着两个命令是要被执行的一个在另一个之后，所以它等效于：

  sed's; [^ /] * /; | ____; g'| sed's; ____ |; |; g'
  




find . -type d -print | sed -e 's;[^/]*/;|____;g;s;____|; |;g'

Came across this commandline on unix.com which acts as tree command in unix. I want to someone to explain what that sed command is exactly doing. i'm unable to understand the syntax

Right now i know the basic sed command syntax. I'm still getting a hang of the unix environment .

PS: Command works perfectly and The discussion was closed in that forum.

解决方案

The find command is only looking for directories and printing them.

sed command is as follows:

sed -e 's;[^/]*/;|____;g;s;____|; |;g'
        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^
         |               |
         |               replace ____| with  |
         replace everything up to the last / with ____

Let's see the command in action step by step:

Find all the directories and print its name:

$ find . -type d -print 
.
./python
./python/mytest
./python/mytest2
./python/mytest2/bk
./python/mytest2/infiles
./bash
./bash/backup
./awk
./sed

Replace everything up to the last / with ____:

• sed -e 's;[^/]*/;|____;g' is read like this:
  • [^/]* --> get all characters as possible (*) that are different than /. Note that ^ stands for negation here.
  • / --> match a /.
  • given that block, replace it with the string |____.

See an example:

$ echo "hello/how/are/you" | sed 's;[^/]*/;;g'
you

$ echo "hello/how/are/you" | sed 's;[^/]*/;|____;g'
|____|____|____you

In this case:

$ find . -type d -print | sed -e 's;[^/]*/;|____;g'
.
|____python
|____|____mytest
|____|____mytes2
|____|____|____bk
|____|____|____infiles
|____bash
|____|____backup
|____awk
|____sed

Replace ____| with |:

$ find . -type d -print | sed -e 's;[^/]*/;|____;g;s;____|; |;g'
.
|____python
| |____mytest
| |____mytest2
| | |____bk
| | |____infiles
|____bash
| |____backup
|____awk
|____sed

We normally see sed expressions like:

sed 's/hello/bye/g'

but you can use different delimiters if you suspect / can be problematic. So in this case the delimiter is ;:

sed 's;hello;bye;g'

Finally, note that:

sed -e 's;[^/]*/;|____;g;s;____|; |;g'
        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^
         1st command     2nd command

means that two commands are to be executed one after the other, so it is equivalent to:

sed 's;[^/]*/;|____;g' | sed 's;____|; |;g'

这篇关于使用sed和find命令的树功能的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！