C，C99，ANSI C和GNU C有什么区别？ [英] What is the difference between C, C99, ANSI C and GNU C?
问题描述
我已经开始通过 codechef 进行编程练习，并已被C和C99之间的区别所困惑。 C是什么意思？是C89吗？检查此提交底部的语言。它包含C和C99。
我在互联网上发现了一些名为GNU C的东西。对于linux / unix系统有不同的C吗？ ANSI是否符合C标准？我也在一些地方读过C99严格。这是什么？
有没有其他不同的C标准在使用？有没有什么叫做C 4.3.2或者它是目前使用的gcc版本？
编辑：我不是一个编程新手。我知道C语言是什么。我知道ANSI有像C89，C99和C11这样的C标准。不同的C标准不同。 标准化之前的所有内容通常称为K& RC，位于着名书籍之后，C语言的发明者Dennis Ritchie作为作者之一。这是1972年至1989年的C语言。
请注意，自1989年以来，ANSI与C语言没有任何关系。仍然在谈论ANSI C的程序员通常不知道它的含义。 ISO拥有C语言，通过ISO 9899标准。 1999年，C标准进行了修订，许多事情发生了变化（ISO 9899：1999 ）。该版本的标准称为C99。从1999年到2011年，这是C语言。 2011年，C标准再次发生了变化（ISO 9899：2011）。这个版本被称为C11。它是目前C语言的定义。
$ b
C99严格可能是指编译器设置强制编译器遵循该信件的标准。 C标准中有一个术语符合实现。本质上它意味着：这个编译器实际上正确地实现了C语言。正确实现C语言的程序在形式上被称为严格符合程序。。
GNU C意味着两件事。可以是作为GNU编译器集合（GCC）的一部分的C编译器本身。或者它可能意味着GCC C编译器使用的非标准默认设置。如果你使用 gcc program.c 进行编译，那么你不会根据C标准进行编译，而是使用非标准的GNU设置，这可能被称为GNU C。例如，整个Linux内核都是用非标准的GNU C编写的，而不是标准的C编译器。
如果你想按照C标准编译你的程序，你应该输入 gcc -std = c99 -pedantic-errors 。如果您的GCC版本支持，请将c99替换为c11。
I have started programming practice on codechef and have been confused by the difference between C and C99. What does C mean here? Is it C89? Check the languages at the bottom of this submit. It contains both C and C99.
I found on the internet something called GNU C. Is there a different C for linux/unix systems? Are these compliant to the C standards by ANSI? I have also read in some places "C99 strict". What is this?
Are there any other different standards of C in use? Is there something called C 4.3.2 or is it the gcc version in current use?
EDIT:
This, This, This helped. I'll search more and edit the things that are left unanswered.
I am not a programming newbie. I know what C language is. I know that there are the different C standards by ANSI like C89, C99 and C11.
Everything before standardization is generally called "K&R C", after the famous book, with Dennis Ritchie, the inventor of the C language, as one of the authors. This was "the C language" from 1972-1989.
The first C standard was released 1989 nationally in USA, by their national standard institute ANSI. This release is called C89 or ANSI-C. From 1989-1990 this was "the C language".
The year after, the American standard was accepted internationally and published by ISO (ISO 9899:1990). This release is called C90. Technically, it is the same standard as C89/ANSI-C. Formally, it replaced C89/ANSI-C, making them obsolete. From 1990-1999, C90 was "the C language".
Please note that since 1989, ANSI haven't had anything to do with the C language. Programmers still speaking about "ANSI C" generally haven't got a clue about what it means. ISO "owns" the C language, through the standard ISO 9899.
In 1999, the C standard was revised, lots of things changed (ISO 9899:1999). This version of the standard is called C99. From 1999-2011, this was "the C language".
In 2011, the C standard was changed again (ISO 9899:2011). This version is called C11. It is currently the definition of "the C language".
"C99 strict" likely refers to a compiler setting forcing a compiler to follow the standard by the letter. There is a term conforming implementation in the C standard. Essentially it means: "this compiler actually implements the C language correctly". Programs that implement the C language correctly are formally called strictly conforming programs.
"GNU C" can mean two things. Either the C compiler itself that comes as part of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC). Or it can mean the non-standard default setup that the GCC C compiler uses. If you compile with gcc program.c then you don't compile according to the C standard, but rather a non-standard GNU setup, which may be referred to as "GNU C". For example, the whole Linux kernel is made in non-standard GNU C, and not in standard C.
If you want to compile your programs according to the C standard, you should type gcc -std=c99 -pedantic-errors. Replace c99 with c11 if your GCC version supports it.
这篇关于C，C99，ANSI C和GNU C有什么区别？的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
