ggplot：将图块对齐在一起并添加常用标签和图例 [英] ggplot: align plots together and add common labels and legend

问题描述

我有一个 data.frame ，其中一个变量有许多级别（例如 param1 ， param2 和 param3 ）。所有这些水平都有相同的单位（浓度mg L-1），但它们有不同的数值范围。

例如
$ b $从 0 到 0.4 > param1 / p>

param2 范围从 0 至 0.07

param3 范围从 0 到 3000

我不是使用data.frame，而是使用钻石创建一个可重现的例子

  library（dplyr）
 library（ggplot2）
 df < - 钻石％>％
 dplyr :: filter（％c中的切割％（Fair，Ideal））％>％
 dplyr :: filter（净度％in％c（I1，SI2，SI1，VS2，VS1，VVS2））％>％
 dplyr :: mutate（new_price = ifelse（cut == 公平，
价格/ 100000，
价格/ 10））
  

正如 Fair 和理想有不同的范围为了能够在y轴上分配断点，我为 Fair 和 Ideal 创建了两个单独的图。 p>

我希望两个图中的两个轴具有相同的小数位数。我从这里使用 fmt_decimals（）

顶部和底部的图不沿x轴。

我可以使用 ggarrange（）从 egg 包

 库（蛋）
 f_1 <  -  ggarrange（f1，f2）
 f_1 
  

现在这两幅图完全对齐。

QUESTIONS

code> gridExtra ？
如果不是
我可以使用 egg ？

以及如何添加常用的轴标签我能为这两个地块添加一个图例吗？

更新

感谢@ eipi10

我更新了如下

  library（cowplot）
＃提取图例的函数
＃https://github.com/hadley/ggplot2/wiki/Share-a-legend-between-two-ggplot2-graphs 
 g_legend < -  function（a.gplot）{
 tmp<  -  ggplot_gtable（ggplot_build（a.gplot））
 leg<  - 其中（sapply（tmp $ grobs，function（x ）
传说<  -  tmp $ grobs [[leg]] 
 return（legend）} 
 
＃将图例提取为a grob 
 leg = g_legend（f1）
 
＃从图中删除图例
 f1 = f1 + theme（legend.position =none）
 f2 = f2 + theme（legend.position =none）
 
＃将两个
放在一起f_1 = plot_grid（f1，f2，ncol = 1，align =v）
 
 f_3<  -  grid.arrange（
 arrangeG rob（f_1，
 bottom = grid :: textGrob（label = expression（Flow〜（m ^ {3}〜s ^ { -  1}）），
 gp = gpar（fontsize = 12，fontface =bold，col =black）），
 left = grid :: textGrob（label = expression（Concentration〜mg〜L ^ { -  1}），rot = 90，
 gp = gpar（fontsize = 12，fontface =bold，col =black））），
 leg，
 widths = c（9,1））
  

但似乎使用 cowplot ，在右边没有垂直的y线情节？

解决方案

我认为只要使用 ggplot2 就可以满足所有需求，包括共享x轴，共享轴标签和适当间距。对于我来说，看起来比用gtables更容易。

这是一个非常好的尝试：

  ggplot（df [df $ cut％in％c（Fair，Ideal），]，aes（x = carat，y = new_price，color = color））+ 
 geom_point（alpha = 0.3）+ 
 scale_y_continuous（labels = fmt_dcimals（2））+ 
 scale_x_continuous（limits = c（0,5.2），breaks = c（0,1,2,3,4， 5），labels = fmt_dcimals（2））+ 
 facet_wrap（〜cut，scales ='free_y'，nrow = 2）+ 
 labs（x =，
y =） 
  

如果您确实想要自定义休息时间，则可以使用休息功能来提供这些休息时间：

  make_breaks <  - 函数（范围）{
 if（范围[2]> 1）{
c（0,250,500,750,1000,1250,1500,1750,2000）
} else {
c（0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2） 
 
 
 $ b $ ggplot（df [df $ cut％in％c（Fair，Ideal），]，aes（x = carat，y = new_price ，color = color））+ 
 geom_point（alpha = 0.3）+ 
 scale_y_continuous（labels = fmt_dcimals（2），breaks = make_breaks）+ 
 scale_x_continuous（limits = c（0,5.2） ，break = c（0,1,2,3,4,5），labels = fmt_dcimals（2））+ 
 facet_wrap（〜cut，scales ='free_y'，nrow = 2）+ 
实验室（x =，
y =）
  

I have a data.frame in which one variable has many levels (e.g. param1, param2and param3). All these levels have the same unit (concentration mg L-1) but they have different ranges of values.

For example

param1 ranges from 0 to 0.4

param2 ranges from 0 to 0.07

param3 ranges from 0 to 3000

Instead of using my data.frame, I used diamonds to create a reproducible example

library(dplyr)
library(ggplot2)
df <- diamonds %>%
  dplyr::filter(cut%in%c("Fair","Ideal")) %>%
  dplyr::filter(clarity%in%c("I1" ,  "SI2" , "SI1" , "VS2" , "VS1",  "VVS2")) %>%
  dplyr::mutate(new_price = ifelse(cut == "Fair", 
                                   price/100000, 
                                   price/10))

As Fair and Ideal have different ranges of values, I created two separate plots for Fair and Ideal to be able to assign the breaks in y axis

I want the two axes in the two plots to have the same number of decimals. I used fmt_decimals() from here.

library(dplyr)
library(ggplot2)
library(gridExtra)
library(grid)
#function to assign decimals for axes
fmt_dcimals <- function(decimals=0){
  function(x) format(x,nsmall = decimals,scientific = FALSE)
}


f1 <- 
 ggplot(df[df$cut == "Fair",], aes(x=carat , y= new_price, color = color))+
  geom_point(alpha = 0.3)+
  scale_y_continuous( limits = c(0,0.20), breaks=c(0, 0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2), labels = fmt_dcimals(2))+
  scale_x_continuous( limits = c(0,5.2), breaks=c(0,1,2,3,4,5), labels = fmt_dcimals(2))+
  facet_wrap(~cut) +
  labs(x = "",
       y = "")


f2 <- 
  ggplot(df[df$cut == "Ideal",], aes(x=carat , y= new_price, color = color))+
  geom_point(alpha = 0.3)+
  scale_y_continuous( limits = c(0,2000), breaks=c(0, 250,500,750,1000, 1250, 1500, 1750, 2000), labels = fmt_dcimals(2))+
  scale_x_continuous( limits = c(0,5.2), breaks=c(0,1,2,3,4,5), labels = fmt_dcimals(2))+
  facet_wrap(~cut) +
  labs(x = "",
       y = "")


f <- gridExtra::arrangeGrob(f1,f2, ncol=1, 
                            bottom=grid::textGrob(label= expression(Flow~(m^{3}~s^{-1})),
                                                  gp= gpar(fontsize=12, fontface="bold", col="black")),
                            left=grid::textGrob(label=expression(Concentration~mg~L^{-1}), rot=90, 
                                                gp= gpar(fontsize=12, fontface="bold", col="black")))

grid::grid.newpage() 
grid::grid.draw(f)

RESULT

The top and bottom plots are not aligned along x axis.

I can fix this using ggarrange() from egg package

library(egg)
f_1 <- ggarrange( f1, f2)
f_1

Now the two plots are perfectly aligned.

QUESTIONS

Any suggestions to align the two plots along x axis using gridExtra? If not Can I add common labels for axes using egg?

and how can I add only one legend for the two plots?

UPDATE

Thanks to @eipi10

I updated it as below

library(cowplot)
# Function to extract legend
# https://github.com/hadley/ggplot2/wiki/Share-a-legend-between-two-ggplot2-graphs
g_legend <-function(a.gplot){
  tmp <- ggplot_gtable(ggplot_build(a.gplot))
  leg <- which(sapply(tmp$grobs, function(x) x$name) == "guide-box")
  legend <- tmp$grobs[[leg]]
  return(legend) }

# Extract legend as a grob
leg = g_legend(f1)

# Remove legend from plots
f1 = f1 + theme(legend.position = "none")
f2 = f2 + theme(legend.position = "none")

# Lay out the two
f_1 = plot_grid(f1, f2, ncol =1, align="v")

f_3 <- grid.arrange(
  arrangeGrob(f_1,  
              bottom=grid::textGrob(label= expression(Flow~(m^{3}~s^{-1})),
                                    gp= gpar(fontsize=12, fontface="bold", col="black")),
              left=grid::textGrob(label=expression(Concentration~mg~L^{-1}), rot=90, 
                                  gp= gpar(fontsize=12, fontface="bold", col="black"))),
  leg, 
  widths=c(9,1))

But it seems using cowplot, there is no vertical y line on the right side of the plot?

解决方案

I think you can everything you want using only ggplot2, including a shared x-axis, shared axis titels and proper spacing. To me that seems easier than messing around with gtables.

This is a perfectly fine attempt:

ggplot(df[df$cut %in% c("Fair", "Ideal"),], aes(x=carat , y= new_price, color = color))+
  geom_point(alpha = 0.3)+
  scale_y_continuous(labels = fmt_dcimals(2))+
  scale_x_continuous(limits = c(0,5.2), breaks=c(0,1,2,3,4,5), labels = fmt_dcimals(2))+
  facet_wrap(~cut, scales = 'free_y', nrow = 2) +
  labs(x = "",
       y = "")

If you really want to have custom breaks, you can use a break function to supply those:

make_breaks <- function(ranges) {
  if(ranges[2] > 1) {
    c(0, 250,500,750,1000, 1250, 1500, 1750, 2000)
  } else {
    c(0, 0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2)
  }
}

ggplot(df[df$cut %in% c("Fair", "Ideal"),], aes(x=carat , y= new_price, color = color))+
  geom_point(alpha = 0.3)+
  scale_y_continuous(labels = fmt_dcimals(2), breaks = make_breaks)+
  scale_x_continuous(limits = c(0,5.2), breaks=c(0,1,2,3,4,5), labels = fmt_dcimals(2))+
  facet_wrap(~cut, scales = 'free_y', nrow = 2) +
  labs(x = "",
       y = "")

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