回到特定的提交然后回到现在 [英] go back to a specific commit then go back to the present

问题描述

我想从过去的特定提交中看到该文件，我在考虑 git reset --hard 但我无法看到提交之后的提交。如何回到提交文件（连同文件的状态），查看文件，再次进入目前的状态？

解决方案假设你的当前分支是 master ，而旧的提交是 a1b2c3 ，那么你可以改变你工作树中的所有文件恢复到旧的提交：

  git checkout a1b2c3 
  

...并返回到 master ：

  git checkout master 
  

这样在你的git历史中跳跃（即检查一个提交的对象名称，也称为它的散列或SHA1sum）对于找到一个以前的良好提交 git bisect ，例如，因为它不会移动你的分支。

要记住的一件事是，当你这样做时你会得到一个可能令人困惑的警告：if你从它的对象名称（ a1b2c3 ）签出一个提交这会让你进入一个被称为分离HEAD的状态，其中 HEAD 通常表示你当前的分支，而不是直接指向特定的提交。这并不值得担心 - 它在你的历史中移动非常有用 - 但它确实意味着如果在 HEAD 被分离时创建新的提交，他们会赢得' t向前移动分支。

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fork0 在下面的注释中指出了可能有用的快捷方式 git checkout - ，它将检出前一个分支或提交 HEAD 指出。

I'd like to see the file from a specific commit in the past, I'm thinking of git reset --hard but I won't be able to see the commits beyond that commit. How do I go back to a commit (together with the state of the files), have a look at the files, the go to the present again?

解决方案

Suppose your current branch is master and the old commit is a1b2c3, then you can change all the files in your working tree back to the old commit with:

git checkout a1b2c3

... and return to master with:

git checkout master

This way of hopping about in your git history (i.e. checking out a commit with its object name, also known as its hash or SHA1sum) is very useful for finding a previous good commit for git bisect, for example, since it won't move your branches.

One thing to bear in mind is that you'll get a possibly confusing warning when doing this: if you check out a commit from its object name (a1b2c3) that will put you into a state known as "detached HEAD", where HEAD, which usually represents your current branch, instead points directly to a particular commit. This isn't something to worry about - it's very useful for moving about in your history - but it does mean that if you create new commits when HEAD is detached, they won't move a branch forward.

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fork0 points out in the comment below the potentially useful shortcut git checkout -, which will checkout the previous branch or commit that HEAD pointed at.

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