如何在capistrano中为用户设置默认shell或sudo 3 [英] How to set a default shell or sudo to a user in capistrano 3

问题描述

目前，我正在从Capistrano 2.x迁移到3.x，以便应用Rails应用程序并运行以下问题。服务器上的常规设置包含一个部署用户，该用户应该是部署的负责人，但是当用户进行部署时，他们将使用自己的用户名连接到服务器。

在Capistrano 2.x中，我可以使用 default_shell 选项完成此操作。

  set：default_shell，sudo -u deploy / bin / sh
  

这在Capistrano 3.x中不起作用。有什么办法可以设置shell或sudo到部署用户的前钩子？

我已经尝试过的事情：

1. 设置：default_shell 选项不能像上面提到的那样工作。 在挂钩之前向用户提示。就像 sudo -s -u deploy ，它在capistrano以外工作正常。顺便说一下，我的用户是为部署用户设置无密码sudo的。但在Capistrano运行命令，然后挂起。 这个SO问题，似乎可以在每个命令前加上 sudo -u deploy ，但这似乎不是充分工作。一对夫妇的命令中，部署仍然中止执行异常，因为我的用户拒绝Permission。


2. 我可以单独映射一些命令为 SSHKit.config.command_map [：git] ='sudo -u deploy git'，但这看起来不是最好的方法，我没有列出需要映射的所有命令。
>

更新：
在我的第三次尝试中，映射所有命令似乎都起作用。 p>

  SSHKit.config.command_map = Hash.new do | hash，command | 
 hash [command] =sudo -u deploy＃{command}
 end 
  

但不完全。 capistrano做的第一件事之一是运行git：检查是否上传文件 /tmp/git-ssh.sh 。但是这个文件是由我的用户创建的，而不是部署用户创建的。 解决方案

如果您只需要更改部署用户， capistrano 3它更容易。假设你有这个文件结构：

  config 
 | __deploy 
 | __production.rb 
 | __staging.rb 
 
 Capfile 
  

然后在您的production.rb或staging .rb（取决于您部署的环境）：

  set：user，'deploy'
 
 server'example.com'，user：fetch（：user）
  

I'm currently in the process of moving from Capistrano 2.x to 3.x for a rails application and running into the following issue. The general setup on the server contains a deploy user that should be the one responsible for deploying, however when a user goes to deploy, they connect to the server with their own user name.

In Capistrano 2.x, I was able to accomplish this using the default_shell option.

set :default_shell, "sudo -u deploy /bin/sh"

This does not work in Capistrano 3.x. Is there any way to either set the shell, or sudo to the deploy user in a before hook?

Things I have tried:

1. Setting the :default_shell option does not work as mentioned.
2. I tried sudo-ing to the user in a before hook. Something like sudo -s -u deploy, which works fine outside of capistrano. My user is set up for password-less sudo to the deploy user by the way. But in Capistrano it runs the command and then just hangs.
3. Per this SO question, it seems possible to prepend sudo -u deploy to every command, but this doesn't seem to fully work. A couple commands in, the deploy still aborts with an exception executing as my user on a Permission denied.
4. I can individually map some commands as SSHKit.config.command_map[:git] = 'sudo -u deploy git', but this does not seem like the best method and I do not have a list of all the commands that I would need to map.

UPDATE: Per my third attempt, mapping all of the commands generally seems to work.

SSHKit.config.command_map = Hash.new do |hash, command|
  hash[command] = "sudo -u deploy #{command}"
end

But not completely. One of the first things capistrano does is run git:check which uploads the file /tmp/git-ssh.sh. But this file gets created with my user, not the deploy user.

解决方案

If you just need to change the deployment user, in capistrano 3 it's a lot easier. Assuming you have this file structure:

config
|__deploy
   |__production.rb
   |__staging.rb

Capfile

Then in your production.rb or staging.rb (depending on what environment you're deploying to):

set :user, 'deploy'

server 'example.com', user: fetch(:user)

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