格式化多个字符串，然后替换文本 [英] Grep multiple strings and then replace text

问题描述

  sudo varnishlog -c 
  
 pre> 
 
 
及其输出 
 
 
  *<<请求>> 658516 
  - 开始req 658515 rxreq 
  -  ReqMethod GET 
  -  ReqURL / sample / 2 
  -  VCL_call HIT 
  -  RespHeader X-Timestamp：1460482977.61998 
  - RespHeader X-Varnish：658516 658416 
  -  RespHeader X-Varnish-Cache：HIT 
  
从这个命令的输出我想将输出重定向到一个文件格式如下：
  Begin =req 658515 rxreq，ReqURL = / sample / 2，RespHeader =X-Varnish-Cache：HIT
  
 grep命令获取必需的字段： 
 
 
  sudo varnishlog -c | grep -E'Begin | ReqURL | Varnish-Cache'
 
  - 开始请求658515 rxreq 
  -  ReqURL / sample / 2 
  -  RespHeader X-Varnish-Cache：HIT 
  
但是，如果我使用其他命令来替换空间和新行，我正面临问题。
  sudo varnishlog -c | grep -E'Begin | ReqURL | Varnish-Cache'| sed's / / = / g'
  
使用这个命令我没有得到任何输出。 p> 
 
 
如果我使用sed或tr命令： 
 
 
  sudo varnishlog -c | sed's / / = / g'
  
或
  sudo varnishlog -c | tr'''='
  
然后输出结果为： 
 
 
  * ===<< =请求==>> = 629459 ==== 
  -  ===开始====== ==== req = 629458 = rxreq 
  -  === ReqMethod == GET GET 
  -  === ReqURL ========= / sample / 2 
  -  === VCL_call ======= HIT 
  -  === RespHeader ===== X-Varnish-Cache：= HIT 
  
如果我使用这个： 
 
 
  sudo varnishlog -c | sed's / \ t / = / g'
  
然后输出和原始一样：
  *<<请求>> 658516 
  - 开始req 658515 rxreq 
  -  ReqMethod GET 
  -  ReqURL / sample / 2 
  -  VCL_call HIT 
  -  RespHeader X-Timestamp：1460482977.61998 
  - RespHeader X-Varnish：658516 658416 
  -  RespHeader X-Varnish-Cache：HIT 
  
请帮我提供一些提示，说明获得我所需输出的正确方法。我的机器上的Perl版本是：    / p> 
 
 
  perl -version 
 
这是perl 5，版本18，subversion 2（v5.18.2）内置对于x86_64-linux-gnu-thread-multi 
（有44个已注册的补丁，详情参见perl -V）
  
 @Sundeep，
 
 
 
输出 sudo varnishlog -c | cat -A   
 
 
  $ 
 *<<请求>> 363192 $ 
  - 开始请求363191 rxreq $ 
  - 时间戳开始：1478514424.525802 0.000000 0.000000 $ 
  - 时间戳记需求：1478514424.525802 0.000000 0.000000 $ 
  - 需求开始10.56.36.2 52583 $ 
  -  ReqMethod GET $ 
  -  ReqURL / sample / 2 $ 
  -  ReqProtocol HTTP / 1.1 $ 
  -  ReqHeader主机：localhost：6081 $ 
  -  ReqHeader User-Agent：Mozilla / 5.0（X11; Ubuntu; .... $ 
  -  ReqHeader接受：text / html，application / xhtml + xml，application / xml; q = 0.9，* / *; q = 0.8 $ 
  - ReqHeader Accept-Language：en-US，en; q = 0.5 $ 
  -  ReqHeader接受编码：gzip，deflate $ 
  -  ReqHeader连接：keep-alive $ 
  -  ReqHeader Pragma：no -cache $ 
  -  ReqHeader Cache-Control：no-cache $ 
  -  ReqHeader X-Forwarded-For：10.56.36.2 $ 
  -  VCL_call RECV $ 
  -  VCL_return hash $ 
  -  ReqUnset Accept-Encoding：gzip，deflate $ 
  -  ReqHeader Accept-Encoding： gzip $ 
  -  VCL_call HASH $ 
  -  VCL_return查找$ 
  - 点击658416 $ 
  -  VCL_call HIT $ 
  -  VCL_return提供$ 
  -  RespProtocol HTTP / 1.1 $ 
  -  RespStatus 200 $ 
  -  RespReason OK $ 
  -  RespHeader Content-Length：4774 $ 
  -  RespHeader Last-Modified：Tue，2016年4月12日17:42:58 GMT $ 
  -  RespHeader Etag：f9d34a65e8c1b30245c2f12534348ff9 $ 
  -  RespHeader X-Timestamp：1460482977.61998 $ 
  -  RespHeader Content-Type：image / png $ 
  -  RespHeader X-Trans-Id： txf52283ea65004e578ddfe-0058203d84 $ 
  -  RespHeader日期：2016年11月07日星期一08:38:28 GMT $ 
  -  RespHeader X-Varnish：363192 658416 $ 
  -  RespHeader年龄：6516 $ 
  -  RespHeader通过：1.1 varnish-v4 $ 
  -  VCL_call DELIVER $ 
  -  RespHeader X-Varnish-Cache：HIT $ 
  -  VCL_return交付$ 
  - 时间戳处理：1478514424.525880 0.000078 0.000078 $ 
  -  RespHeade r接受范围：字节$ 
  - 调试RES_MODE 2$ 
  -  RespHeader连接：保持活动$ 
  - 时间戳响应：1478514424.525908 0.000106 0.000028 $ 
  -  ReqAcct 415 0 415 394 4774 5168 $ 
  -  End 
  
 
 
解决方案
也许这可以帮助你; 
  sudo varnishlog -c | grep --line-buffered -E'Begin | ReqURL | Varnish-Cache'| sed -u's /  -  //; s / * / =/; s / $ //'| tr'\\\
''，'
  
 
I have below varnish command:
sudo varnishlog -c
and its output
*   << Request  >> 658516
-   Begin          req 658515 rxreq 
-   ReqMethod      GET
-   ReqURL         /sample/2 
-   VCL_call       HIT
-   RespHeader     X-Timestamp: 1460482977.61998
-   RespHeader     X-Varnish: 658516 658416
-   RespHeader     X-Varnish-Cache: HIT
From this command output I want to redirect the output to a file with following fomat:
Begin="req 658515 rxreq",ReqURL="/sample/2", RespHeader="X-Varnish-Cache: HIT"
I have used grep command to get the required fields:
sudo varnishlog -c | grep -E 'Begin|ReqURL|Varnish-Cache'

-   Begin          req 658515 rxreq 
-   ReqURL         /sample/2
-   RespHeader     X-Varnish-Cache: HIT
But if I used additional commands to replace space and new lines I am facing issue.
sudo varnishlog -c | grep -E 'Begin|ReqURL|Varnish-Cache' | sed 's/ /=/g'
With this command I am not getting any output.

If I use sed or tr commands:
sudo varnishlog -c | sed 's/ /=/g'
or
sudo varnishlog -c | tr ' ' '='
Then output is :
*===<<=Request==>>=629459====
-===Begin==========req=629458=rxreq
-===ReqMethod======GET
-===ReqURL=========/sample/2
-===VCL_call=======HIT
-===RespHeader=====X-Varnish-Cache:=HIT
If I use this:
sudo varnishlog -c | sed 's/\t/=/g'
Then output is same as original :
*   << Request  >> 658516
-   Begin          req 658515 rxreq 
-   ReqMethod      GET
-   ReqURL         /sample/2 
-   VCL_call       HIT
-   RespHeader     X-Timestamp: 1460482977.61998
-   RespHeader     X-Varnish: 658516 658416
-   RespHeader     X-Varnish-Cache: HIT
please help me with some hints on what is the correct way to get my required output.

@Sundeep, Perl version on my machine is :
 perl -version

This is perl 5, version 18, subversion 2 (v5.18.2) built for x86_64-linux-gnu-thread-multi
(with 44 registered patches, see perl -V for more detail)
@Sundeep,

Output of sudo varnishlog -c | cat -A
$
*   << Request  >> 363192    $
-   Begin          req 363191 rxreq$
-   Timestamp      Start: 1478514424.525802 0.000000 0.000000$
-   Timestamp      Req: 1478514424.525802 0.000000 0.000000$
-   ReqStart       10.56.36.2 52583$
-   ReqMethod      GET$
-   ReqURL         /sample/2$
-   ReqProtocol    HTTP/1.1$
-   ReqHeader      Host: localhost:6081$
-   ReqHeader      User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu;....$
-   ReqHeader      Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8$
-   ReqHeader      Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5$
-   ReqHeader      Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate$
-   ReqHeader      Connection: keep-alive$
-   ReqHeader      Pragma: no-cache$
-   ReqHeader      Cache-Control: no-cache$
-   ReqHeader      X-Forwarded-For: 10.56.36.2$
-   VCL_call       RECV$
-   VCL_return     hash$
-   ReqUnset       Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate$
-   ReqHeader      Accept-Encoding: gzip$
-   VCL_call       HASH$
-   VCL_return     lookup$
-   Hit            658416$
-   VCL_call       HIT$
-   VCL_return     deliver$
-   RespProtocol   HTTP/1.1$
-   RespStatus     200$
-   RespReason     OK$
-   RespHeader     Content-Length: 4774$
-   RespHeader     Last-Modified: Tue, 12 Apr 2016 17:42:58 GMT$
-   RespHeader     Etag: f9d34a65e8c1b30245c2f12534348ff9$
-   RespHeader     X-Timestamp: 1460482977.61998$
-   RespHeader     Content-Type: image/png$
-   RespHeader     X-Trans-Id: txf52283ea65004e578ddfe-0058203d84$
-   RespHeader     Date: Mon, 07 Nov 2016 08:38:28 GMT$
-   RespHeader     X-Varnish: 363192 658416$
-   RespHeader     Age: 6516$
-   RespHeader     Via: 1.1 varnish-v4$
-   VCL_call       DELIVER$
-   RespHeader     X-Varnish-Cache: HIT$
-   VCL_return     deliver$
-   Timestamp      Process: 1478514424.525880 0.000078 0.000078$
-   RespHeader     Accept-Ranges: bytes$
-   Debug          "RES_MODE 2"$
-   RespHeader     Connection: keep-alive$
-   Timestamp      Resp: 1478514424.525908 0.000106 0.000028$
-   ReqAcct        415 0 415 394 4774 5168$
-   End            $

解决方案
maybe this could help you; 
sudo varnishlog -c | grep --line-buffered -E 'Begin|ReqURL|Varnish-Cache' |  sed -u 's/-   //;s/   */="/;s/$/"/' | tr '\n' ','


                        
这篇关于格式化多个字符串，然后替换文本的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！