在花括号中解析块 [英] Parse blocks in curly brackets

问题描述

我试图解析一个如下所示的dhcpd.conf文件：

  authoritative; 
 
子网x.x.x.x网络掩码x.x.x.x {
范围x.x.x.x x.x.x.x; 
拒绝未知客户; 
 default-lease-time 86400; 
 max-lease-time 86400; 
选项域名bla; 
选项domain-name-servers x.x.x.x; 
选项broadcast-address x.x.x.x; 
选项子网掩码x.x.x.x; 
选项路由器x.x.x.x; 
 
 host host1 {
硬件以太网00：e1：4c：68：00：53; 
 fixed-address 1.1.1.1; 
} 
 
 host host2 {
硬件以太网01：e2：4d：69：01：54; 
 fixed-address 2.2.2.2; 
} 
 
 host host3 {
硬件以太网02：e3：4e：70：02：55; 
固定地址3.3.3.3; 
} 
 
 host host4 {
硬件以太网03：e4：4f：71：03：56; 
 fixed-address 4.4.4.4; 
} 
 
 host host5 {
 hardware ethernet 04：e5：5f：72：04：57; 
固定地址5.5.5.5; 
 
 
 
 
 $ b $ p 
 $ b 
最后，我需要循环访问主机块（不管他们的名字），并将MAC地址和IP地址分配给变量以处理组合。到目前为止，我只设置了一个变量：
 
 
 在`cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf | grep硬件以太网| awk'{print $ 3}'| tr; 
 do 
 echo发现MAC地址：$ MAC发现IP：<我需要IP变量在这里......> 
完成
  
也许最好以某种方式grep主机块以循环这些，但我不知道如何做到这一点。  
 
 
有人可以告诉我如何做到这一点吗？  
 
 
谢谢 
 
解决方案
格式（MAC后跟IP），跟着 sed 一个班轮将给出MAC，IPcsv对列表。你可以解析它并做你想做的事。
  sed -n'/ \s * hardware ethernet / {s / \ *硬件以太网\（。* \）; / \ 1 /; N; s / \（[a-z0-9：] * \）\s * fixed-address \（ 。* \）; / \ 1，\ 2 / p}'/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 
  
输出： 
 
 
  00：e1：4c：68：00：53,1.1.1.1 
 01：e2：4d：69：01：54,2.2.2.2 
 02：e3：4e：70：02：55,3.3.3.3 
 03：e4：4f：71：03：56， 4.4.4.4 
 04：e5：5f：72：04：57,5.5.5.5 
  
按照你的例子生成确切的输出，
  sed -n'/ \s * hardware ethernet / {s / \ *硬件以太网\（。* \）; / \ 1 /; N; s / \（[a-z0-9：] * \）\s * fixed-address \（ * \）; /找到MAC地址：\ 1，找到IP：\ 2 / p}'/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 
  
输出：
 找到MAC地址：00：e1：4c：68： 00:53，Found IP：1.1.1.1 
找到MAC地址：01：e2：4d：69：01 ：54，Found IP：2.2.2.2 
找到MAC地址：02：e3：4e：70：02：55，找到IP：3.3.3.3 
找到MAC地址：03：e4：4f：71 ：03：56，Found IP：4.4.4.4 
找到MAC地址：04：e5：5f：72：04：57，找到IP：5.5.5.5 
  pre> 
 
 
 
 
 
 编辑  
 
 
您可以从每对中提取MAC和IP，并按如下方式对它们进行操作。
  for v in $（sed -n' / \s * hardware ethernet / {s / \s * hardware ethernet \（。* \）; / \ 1 /; N; s / \（[a-z0-9：] * \ ）\s * fixed-address \（。* \）; / \ 1，\ 2 / p}'/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf）;做
 mac =$ {v％，*}
 ip =$ {v＃*，}
 echoMAC：$ mac
 echoIP： $ ip
完成
  
 
I'm trying to parse a dhcpd.conf file that looks like this:
authoritative;

subnet x.x.x.x netmask x.x.x.x {
    range x.x.x.x x.x.x.x;
    deny unknown-clients;
    default-lease-time 86400;
    max-lease-time 86400;
    option domain-name "bla";
    option domain-name-servers x.x.x.x;
    option broadcast-address x.x.x.x;
    option subnet-mask x.x.x.x;
    option routers x.x.x.x;

    host host1 {
            hardware ethernet 00:e1:4c:68:00:53;
            fixed-address 1.1.1.1;
    }

    host host2 {
            hardware ethernet 01:e2:4d:69:01:54;
            fixed-address 2.2.2.2;
    }

    host host3 {
            hardware ethernet 02:e3:4e:70:02:55;
            fixed-address 3.3.3.3;
    }

    host host4 {
            hardware ethernet 03:e4:4f:71:03:56;
            fixed-address 4.4.4.4;
    }

    host host5 {
            hardware ethernet 04:e5:5f:72:04:57;
            fixed-address 5.5.5.5;
    }
}
In the end I need to loop though the host blocks (no matter their name) and assign the MAC address and IP address to variables in order to process the combination. So far I managed to do this with only one variable:
for MAC in `cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf | grep "hardware ethernet" | awk '{ print $3 }' | tr ";" " "`
do
    echo "Found MAC address: " $MAC "Found IP: <I need the IP Variable here...>" 
done
Maybe it's better to somehow "grep" the host blocks in order to loop through these, but I don't know how to do this. 


Could anybody give me a hint on how to do this? 

Thanks
解决方案
Given that the input file is in the exact format (MAC followed by IP), following sed one liner will give a list of "MAC,IP" csv pairs. You can parse it and do what ever you want.
sed -n '/\s*hardware ethernet/{s/\s*hardware ethernet \(.*\);/\1/;N;s/\([a-z0-9:]*\)\s*fixed-address \(.*\);/\1,\2/p}' /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
Output:
00:e1:4c:68:00:53,1.1.1.1
01:e2:4d:69:01:54,2.2.2.2
02:e3:4e:70:02:55,3.3.3.3
03:e4:4f:71:03:56,4.4.4.4
04:e5:5f:72:04:57,5.5.5.5
To produce the exact output as in your example,
sed -n '/\s*hardware ethernet/{s/\s*hardware ethernet \(.*\);/\1/;N;s/\([a-z0-9:]*\)\s*fixed-address \(.*\);/Found MAC address: \1, Found IP: \2/p}' /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
Output:
Found MAC address: 00:e1:4c:68:00:53, Found IP: 1.1.1.1
Found MAC address: 01:e2:4d:69:01:54, Found IP: 2.2.2.2
Found MAC address: 02:e3:4e:70:02:55, Found IP: 3.3.3.3
Found MAC address: 03:e4:4f:71:03:56, Found IP: 4.4.4.4
Found MAC address: 04:e5:5f:72:04:57, Found IP: 5.5.5.5




EDIT

You can extract MAC and IP from each pair and do something with them as follows.
for v in $(sed -n '/\s*hardware ethernet/{s/\s*hardware ethernet \(.*\);/\1/;N;s/\([a-z0-9:]*\)\s*fixed-address \(.*\);/\1,\2/p}' /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf); do
    mac="${v%,*}"
    ip="${v#*,}"
    echo "MAC: $mac"
    echo "IP: $ip"
done


                        
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