unix中的字符串替换 [英] string replacement in unix

问题描述

我需要一个源文件，其值必须如下填充。
（必须从参考文件中提取值并更新源文件）。

源文件：

  aaaa 
 Uid = xxxx 
 pwd = nnnn 
 bbbb 
 uid = yyyy 
 pwd = eeee 
 cccc 
 uid = zzzz 
 pwd = kkkk 
  

参考文件：

 块，参数，值
 aaaa，uid，1a1a 
 aaaa，pwd，1b1b 
 bbbb， uid，2a2a 
 bbbb，pwd，2b2b 
 cccc，uid，3a3a 
 cccc，pwd，3b3b 
  

输出文件：

  aaaa 
 Uid = 1a1a 
 pwd = 1b1b 
 bbbb 
 uid = 2a2a 
 pwd = 2b2b 
 cccc 
 uid = 3a3a 
 pwd = 3b3b 
  
 
 
 
要求： 
 
 
对于aaaa，SED必须在行号1和3内搜索Uid，替换=后面的值。即，xxxx与1a1a。  
 
 
对于bbbb，SED必须在行号5和7内搜索Uid，并替换=后面的值。也就是2a2a。 
 
 
同样适用于其他参数。 
 
 
谢谢。
解决方案
 sed适用于各行的简单替换。对于任何其他文本操作，您应该使用awk： 
 
 
  $ cat tst.awk 
 BEGIN {FS =[ ，[：space：] =] +} 
 NR == FNR {
 if（NR> 1）{
 map [$ 1，$ 2] = $ 3 
} 
 $ next 
 
 
 if（NF == 1）{
 key = $ 0 
} 
 else {
 $ 0 = $ 1 =map [key，tolower（$ 1）] 
} 
 print 
} 
 
 $ awk -f tst.awk ref.txt src.txt 
 aaaa 
 Uid = 1a1a 
 pwd = 1b1b 
 bbbb 
 uid = 2a2a 
 pwd = 2b2b 
 cccc 
 uid = 3a3a 
 pwd = 3b3b 
  
 
Need a solution on how to solve this using SED or AWK command in UNIX.


I have a source file whose values have to be populated as following.
(Values must be fetched from a reference file and update the source file).

Source file:
aaaa
Uid=xxxx
pwd=nnnn
bbbb
uid=yyyy
pwd=eeee
cccc
uid=zzzz
pwd=kkkk
Reference file:
block,  parameter,  value
aaaa,       uid,            1a1a
aaaa,   pwd,        1b1b
bbbb,   uid,        2a2a
bbbb,   pwd,        2b2b
cccc,   uid,        3a3a
cccc,   pwd,        3b3b
Output File:
aaaa
Uid=1a1a
pwd=1b1b
bbbb
uid=2a2a
pwd=2b2b
cccc
uid=3a3a
pwd=3b3b
Requirement:

For aaaa, SED must search for Uid within line number 1 and 3 and replace the value which is after the "=". Ie, xxxx with 1a1a. 

For bbbb,SED must search for Uid within line number 5 and 7 and replace the value which is after the "=". Ie, yyyy with 2a2a.

Similarly for other parameters.

Thanks.
解决方案
sed is for simple substitutions on individual lines. For any other text manipulation you should be using awk:
$ cat tst.awk
BEGIN { FS = "[,[:space:]=]+" }
NR==FNR {
    if (NR>1) {
        map[$1,$2] = $3
    }
    next
}
{
    if (NF==1) {
        key = $0
    }
    else {
        $0 = $1 "=" map[key,tolower($1)]
    }
    print
}

$ awk -f tst.awk ref.txt src.txt
aaaa
Uid=1a1a
pwd=1b1b
bbbb
uid=2a2a
pwd=2b2b
cccc
uid=3a3a
pwd=3b3b


                        
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