在Heroku - Rails中安装gem'pg'的问题 [英] Issue with the installation of gem 'pg' in Heroku - Rails

问题描述

我试图在OSX上的rails上安装ruby for heroku ，我为此使用了本教程 。它似乎在终端上安装正常，但在做完之后

  $ rails new myapp --database = postgresql 
 cd myapp 
  

我做了这个

  rails生成控制器欢迎
  

出现错误：

在本机上可用的宝石中找不到gem'spring（> = 0）ruby'。
Run bundle install 安装缺失的宝石。

我得到了

 '安装pg（0.17.1）时发生错误，并且Bundler无法继续。 
确保`gem install pg -v'0.17.1'`在捆绑之前成功。'
  

然后...

 错误：安装pg时出错：
错误：无法构建gem原生扩展。 
 
 ... 
找不到'libpq-fe.h头文件
 *** extconf.rb失败*** 
无法创建Makefile出于某种原因，可能缺乏必要的
库和/或头文件。检查mkmf.log文件以获取更多详细信息。您可能
需要配置选项。 
  

类似的SO问题表示问题已通过更新XCode解决，但我不认为这是我的问题。如果它还不是很明显，我对终端或红宝石的使用经验不是很了解，所以我不确定该如何解决这个问题。

编辑：

新的错误信息

  Gem :: Ext :: BuildError：错误：无法构建gem本机扩展。 
 
 /Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/bin/ruby extconf.rb 
检查pg_config ... yes 
使用/ usr / local / bin / pg_config 
 *** extconf.rb失败*** 
由于某些原因无法创建Makefile，可能缺少必要的
库和/或头文件。检查mkmf.log文件以获取更多详细信息。您可能
需要配置选项。 
  

...

  /Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:456:in`try_do'：编译器无法生成可执行文件。 （RuntimeError）
您必须先安装开发工具。 $ / b / b from /Users/mahireusufzai/版本/ 2.1.1 / lib / ruby​​ / 2.1.0 / mkmf.rb：556：在`try_link'
从extconf.rb：39：在`< main>'
 
 extconf失败，退出代码1 
 
 Gem文件将保持安装在/Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/pg-0.17。 1进行检查。 
  

解决方案

您需要先安装postgresql开发库。它抱怨缺少libpq-fe.h。

尝试按照以下文章中的答案解决： Rails：安装pg gem时出错

I'm trying to install ruby on rails on OSX for heroku, for which I used this tutorial. It seemed to install fine on the terminal, but after doing

$rails new myapp --database=postgresql
cd myapp

I did this

rails generate controller welcome

and got an error:

Could not find gem 'spring (>= 0) ruby' in the gems available on this machine. Runbundle installto install missing gems.

And after following the instructions, I got

'An error occurred while installing pg (0.17.1), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install pg -v '0.17.1'` succeeds before bundling.'

And then...

ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        ...
Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

A similar SO question said the problem was solved by updating XCode, but I don't think that's my problem. If it wasn't already apparent, I'm not very experienced with the terminal or ruby, so I'm not sure how I can approach this issue.

EDIT:

new error message

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/bin/ruby extconf.rb 
checking for pg_config... yes
Using config values from /usr/local/bin/pg_config
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

...

/Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:456:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
    from /Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:541:in `try_link0'
    from /Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:556:in `try_link'
    from extconf.rb:39:in `<main>'

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/pg-0.17.1 for inspection.

解决方案

You need to install the postgresql development libraries first. It's complaining libpq-fe.h is missing.

Try to solve as per the answer in the following post: Rails: Error installing pg gem

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