Objective-C和Swift URL编码 [英] Objective-C and Swift URL encoding

问题描述

我有一个 NSString ，如下所示：

http://www.

但我想将其转换为：

http%3A%2F%2Fwww.

我该怎么做？

推荐答案

要逃避你想要的角色需要多做一些工作。

To escape the characters you want is a little more work.

示例代码

iOS7及以上：

iOS7 and above:

NSString *unescaped = @"http://www";
NSString *escapedString = [unescaped stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:[NSCharacterSet URLHostAllowedCharacterSet]];
NSLog(@"escapedString: %@", escapedString);

NSLog输出：

escapedString：http％3A％2F％2Fwww

escapedString: http%3A%2F%2Fwww

以下是有用的URL编码字符集：

The following are useful URL encoding character sets:

URLFragmentAllowedCharacterSet  "#%<>[\]^`{|}
URLHostAllowedCharacterSet      "#%/<>?@\^`{|}
URLPasswordAllowedCharacterSet  "#%/:<>?@[\]^`{|}
URLPathAllowedCharacterSet      "#%;<>?[\]^`{|}
URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet     "#%<>[\]^`{|}
URLUserAllowedCharacterSet      "#%/:<>?@[\]^`

创建一个结合了以上所有内容的字符集：

Creating a characterset combining all of the above:

NSCharacterSet *URLCombinedCharacterSet = [[NSCharacterSet characterSetWithCharactersInString:@" \"#%/:<>?@[\\]^`{|}"] invertedSet];

创建Base64

在Base64 characterset的情况：

In the case of Base64 characterset:

NSCharacterSet *URLBase64CharacterSet = [[NSCharacterSet characterSetWithCharactersInString:@"/+=\n"] invertedSet];

对于Swift 3.0：

For Swift 3.0:

var escapedString = originalString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters:.urlHostAllowed)

对于Swift 2.x：

For Swift 2.x:

var escapedString = originalString.stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(NSCharacterSet.URLHostAllowedCharacterSet())

注意： stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters 还将编码需要编码的UTF-8字符。

Note: stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters will also encode UTF-8 characters needing encoding.

Pre iOS7使用Core Foundation

使用Core Foundation with ARC：

Pre iOS7 use Core Foundation
Using Core Foundation With ARC:

NSString *escapedString = (NSString *)CFBridgingRelease(CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(
    NULL,
   (__bridge CFStringRef) unescaped,
    NULL,
    CFSTR("!*'();:@&=+$,/?%#[]\" "),
    kCFStringEncodingUTF8));

使用没有ARC的Core Foundation：

Using Core Foundation Without ARC:

NSString *escapedString = (NSString *)CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(
    NULL,
   (CFStringRef)unescaped,
    NULL,
    CFSTR("!*'();:@&=+$,/?%#[]\" "),
    kCFStringEncodingUTF8);

注意： -stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding 不会产生正确的编码，在这种情况下，它不会编码返回相同字符串的任何内容。

Note: -stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding will not produce the correct encoding, in this case it will not encode anything returning the same string.

stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding：NSUTF8StringEncoding 编码14个字符：

`＃％^ {} [] | \<>加上空格字符作为百分比转义。

`#%^{}[]|\"<> plus the space character as percent escaped.

testString：

testString:

" `~!@#$%^&*()_+-={}[]|\\:;\"'<,>.?/AZaz"  

encodedString：

encodedString:

"%20%60~!@%23$%25%5E&*()_+-=%7B%7D%5B%5D%7C%5C:;%22'%3C,%3E.?/AZaz"  

注意：考虑这组字符是否符合您的需求，如果不是根据需要进行更改。

Note: consider if this set of characters meet your needs, if not change them as needed.

需要编码的RFC 3986字符（由于它是编码前缀字符，因此添加了％）：

RFC 3986 characters requiring encoding (% added since it is the encoding prefix character):

！＃$&'（）* +，/：; =？@ []％

"!#$&'()*+,/:;=?@[]%"

一些无保留字符是另外编码：

Some "unreserved characters" are additionally encoded:

\ n \\\\\ n％ - 。<> \ ^ _` {|}〜

"\n\r \"%-.<>\^_`{|}~"

这篇关于Objective-C和Swift URL编码的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！