在Swift中生成一个随机单词 [英] Generate a Random Word in Swift

问题描述

我正在尝试探索Swift编程语言。我正在搜索Swift API，我找到了 UIReferenceLibraryViewController 类。如果单词是真的（ .dictionaryHasDefinitionForTerm ），我找到了返回bool值的方法，并且我还查找了一个可以返回随机单词的方法。

I am trying to explore the Swift programming language. I was searching through the Swift API and I found the UIReferenceLibraryViewController class. I found the method that returns a bool value if a word is real or not (.dictionaryHasDefinitionForTerm) and I also looked for a method that can return a random word.

可悲的是，这种方法似乎并不存在。我意识到我可以探索第三方API，但如果可能的话，我更愿意远离它们。

Sadly, this method does not seem to exist. I realize that I can explore 3rd party APIs, however I prefer to stay away from them if possible.

我想也许我可以通过所有字母的随机排列，然后检查它们是否形成一个真实的单词，但这似乎......好吧......愚蠢。

I thought that maybe I could go through random permutations of all letters and then check if they form a real word, but this seems... well... stupid.

有人知道生成随机单词的方法吗？

Does anybody know of a way to generate a random word?

我也不想手动制作数千个单词的长列表，因为我担心内存错误。我想尝试学习一些语法和新方法，而不是如何导航列表。

I also do not want to manually make a long list of thousands of words because I fear a memory error. I want to try to also learn some syntax and new methods, not how to navigate lists.

推荐答案

我的 / usr / share / dict / words file是指向 / usr / share / dict / words / web2 的符号链接，Webster's Second International Dictionary从1934年开始。文件只有2.4mb，因此你不应该看到太多的性能损失将整个内容加载到内存中。

My /usr/share/dict/words file is a symbolic link to /usr/share/dict/words/web2, Webster's Second International Dictionary from 1934. The file is only 2.4mb, so you shouldn't see too much of a performance hit loading the entire contents into memory.

这是一个小的Swift 3.0代码片段我写了从字典文件中加载一个随机单词。请记住在运行之前将文件复制到应用程序包中。

Here's a small Swift 3.0 snippet I wrote to load a random word from the dictionary file. Remember to copy the file to your Application's bundle before running.

if let wordsFilePath = Bundle.main.path(forResource: "web2", ofType: nil) {
    do {
        let wordsString = try String(contentsOfFile: wordsFilePath)

        let wordLines = wordsString.components(separatedBy: .newlines)

        let randomLine = wordLines[numericCast(arc4random_uniform(numericCast(wordLines.count)))]

        print(randomLine)

    } catch { // contentsOfFile throws an error
        print("Error: \(error)")
    }
}

Swift 2.2：

Swift 2.2:

if let wordsFilePath = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("web2", ofType: nil) {
    do {
        let wordsString = try String(contentsOfFile: wordsFilePath)

        let wordLines = wordsString.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet(NSCharacterSet.newlineCharacterSet())

        let randomLine = wordLines[Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(wordLines.count)))]

        print(randomLine)

    } catch { // contentsOfFile throws an error
        print("Error: \(error)")
    }
}

Swift 1.2代码段：

Swift 1.2 snippet:

if let wordsFilePath = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("web2", ofType: nil) {

    var error: NSError?

    if let wordsString = String(contentsOfFile: wordsFilePath, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding, error: &error) {

        if error != nil {
            // String(contentsOfFile: ...) failed
            println("Error: \(error)")
        } else {
            let wordLines = wordsString.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet(NSCharacterSet.newlineCharacterSet())

            let randomLine = wordLines[Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(wordLines.count)))]

            print(randomLine)
        }
    }
}

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