大胆的单个UILabel中的非大胆文本？ [英] Bold & Non-Bold Text In A Single UILabel?

问题描述

如何在uiLabel中包含粗体和非粗体文本？

How would it be possible to include both bold and non-bold text in a uiLabel?

我宁愿不使用UIWebView ..我也是使用NSAttributedString读取这可能是可能的，但我不知道如何使用它。任何想法？

I'd rather not use a UIWebView.. I've also read this may be possible using NSAttributedString but I have no idea how to use that. Any ideas?

Apple在他们的几个应用中实现了这一点;
示例屏幕截图：

Apple achieves this in several of their apps; Examples Screenshot:

谢谢！
- Dom

Thanks! - Dom

推荐答案

Swift3的更新

In Swift我们不需要处理iOS5旧的东西，除了语法更短，所以一切都变得非常简单：

Update for Swift3

In Swift we don't have to deal with iOS5 old stuff besides syntax is shorter so everything becomes really simple:

func attributedString(from string: String, nonBoldRange: NSRange?) -> NSAttributedString {
    let fontSize = UIFont.systemFontSize
    let attrs = [
        NSFontAttributeName: UIFont.boldSystemFont(ofSize: fontSize),
        NSForegroundColorAttributeName: UIColor.black
    ]
    let nonBoldAttribute = [
        NSFontAttributeName: UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: fontSize),
    ]
    let attrStr = NSMutableAttributedString(string: string, attributes: attrs)
    if let range = nonBoldRange {
        attrStr.setAttributes(nonBoldAttribute, range: range)
    }
    return attrStr
}

用法：

let targetString = "Updated 2012/10/14 21:59 PM"
let range = NSMakeRange(7, 12)

let label = UILabel(frame: CGRect(x:0, y:0, width:350, height:44))
label.backgroundColor = UIColor.white
label.attributedText = attributedString(from: targetString, nonBoldRange: range)
label.sizeToFit()

奖金：国际化

有些人评论国际化。我个人认为这超出了这个问题的范围，但出于教学目的，我就是这样做的。

Bonus: Internationalisation

Some people commented about internationalisation. I personally think this is out of scope of this question but for instructional purposes this is how I would do it

// Date we want to show
let date = Date()

// Create the string.
// I don't set the locale because the default locale of the formatter is `NSLocale.current` so it's good for internationalisation :p
let formatter = DateFormatter()
formatter.dateStyle = .medium
formatter.timeStyle = .short
let targetString = String(format: NSLocalizedString("Update %@", comment: "Updated string format"),
                          formatter.string(from: date))

// Find the range of the non-bold part
formatter.timeStyle = .none
let nonBoldRange = targetString.range(of: formatter.string(from: date))

// Convert Range<Int> into NSRange
let nonBoldNSRange: NSRange? = nonBoldRange == nil ?
    nil :
    NSMakeRange(targetString.distance(from: targetString.startIndex, to: nonBoldRange!.lowerBound),
                targetString.distance(from: nonBoldRange!.lowerBound, to: nonBoldRange!.upperBound))

// Now just build the attributed string as before :)
label.attributedText = attributedString(from: targetString,
                                        nonBoldRange: nonBoldNSRange)

结果（假设有英语和日语Localizable.strings可用）

Result (Assuming English and Japanese Localizable.strings are available)

在iOS6 UILabel ， UIButton ， UITextView ， UITextField ，支持属性字符串，这意味着我们不需要创建 CATextLayer s作为归属字符串的收件人。此外，为了生成属性字符串，我们不再需要使用CoreText :)我们在obj-c Foundation.framework中有新类，如 NSParagraphStyle 和其他常量我们的生活更轻松Yay！

In iOS6 UILabel, UIButton, UITextView, UITextField, support attributed strings which means we don't need to create CATextLayers as our recipient for attributed strings. Furthermore to make the attributed string we don't need to play with CoreText anymore :) We have new classes in obj-c Foundation.framework like NSParagraphStyle and other constants that will make our life easier. Yay!

所以，如果我们有这个字符串：

So, if we have this string:

NSString *text = @"Updated: 2012/10/14 21:59"

我们只需要创建属性字符串：

We only need to create the attributed string:

if ([_label respondsToSelector:@selector(setAttributedText:)])
{
    // iOS6 and above : Use NSAttributedStrings

    // Create the attributes
    const CGFloat fontSize = 13;
    NSDictionary *attrs = @{
        NSFontAttributeName:[UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:fontSize],
        NSForegroundColorAttributeName:[UIColor whiteColor]
    };
    NSDictionary *subAttrs = @{
        NSFontAttributeName:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:fontSize]
    };

    // Range of " 2012/10/14 " is (8,12). Ideally it shouldn't be hardcoded
    // This example is about attributed strings in one label
    // not about internationalisation, so we keep it simple :)
    // For internationalisation example see above code in swift
    const NSRange range = NSMakeRange(8,12);

    // Create the attributed string (text + attributes)
    NSMutableAttributedString *attributedText =
      [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:text
                                             attributes:attrs];
    [attributedText setAttributes:subAttrs range:range];

    // Set it in our UILabel and we are done!
    [_label setAttributedText:attributedText];
} else {
    // iOS5 and below
    // Here we have some options too. The first one is to do something
    // less fancy and show it just as plain text without attributes.
    // The second is to use CoreText and get similar results with a bit
    // more of code. Interested people please look down the old answer.

    // Now I am just being lazy so :p
    [_label setText:text];
}

有一些很好的介绍性博客文章这里来自 invasioncode 的人，用更多示例解释 NSAttributedString ，查找针对iOS 6的NSAttributedString简介和使用Interface Builder为iOS分配的字符串：）

There is a couple of good introductory blog posts here from guys at invasivecode that explain with more examples uses of NSAttributedString, look for "Introduction to NSAttributedString for iOS 6" and "Attributed strings for iOS using Interface Builder" :)

PS：以上代码它应该可以工作，但它是脑编译的。我希望它足够了:)）

PS: Above code it should work but it was brain-compiled. I hope it is enough :)

使用 CATextLayer ！比2 UILabels更轻，更简单。 （iOS 3.2及以上版本）

Use a CATextLayer with an NSAttributedString ! much lighter and simpler than 2 UILabels. (iOS 3.2 and above)

示例。

不要忘记添加QuartzCore框架（CALayers需要） ）和CoreText（属性字符串需要。）

Don't forget to add QuartzCore framework (needed for CALayers), and CoreText (needed for the attributed string.)

#import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h>
#import <CoreText/CoreText.h>

下面的示例将向导航控制器的工具栏添加一个子图层。在iPhone中使用Mail.app。 ：）

Below example will add a sublayer to the toolbar of the navigation controller. à la Mail.app in the iPhone. :)

- (void)setRefreshDate:(NSDate *)aDate
{
    [aDate retain];
    [refreshDate release];
    refreshDate = aDate;

    if (refreshDate) {

        /* Create the text for the text layer*/    
        NSDateFormatter *df = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
        [df setDateFormat:@"MM/dd/yyyy hh:mm"];

        NSString *dateString = [df stringFromDate:refreshDate];
        NSString *prefix = NSLocalizedString(@"Updated", nil);
        NSString *text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@: %@",prefix, dateString];
        [df release];

        /* Create the text layer on demand */
        if (!_textLayer) {
            _textLayer = [[CATextLayer alloc] init];
            //_textLayer.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:13].fontName; // not needed since `string` property will be an NSAttributedString
            _textLayer.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor].CGColor;
            _textLayer.wrapped = NO;
            CALayer *layer = self.navigationController.toolbar.layer; //self is a view controller contained by a navigation controller
            _textLayer.frame = CGRectMake((layer.bounds.size.width-180)/2 + 10, (layer.bounds.size.height-30)/2 + 10, 180, 30);
            _textLayer.contentsScale = [[UIScreen mainScreen] scale]; // looks nice in retina displays too :)
            _textLayer.alignmentMode = kCAAlignmentCenter;
            [layer addSublayer:_textLayer];
        }

        /* Create the attributes (for the attributed string) */
        CGFloat fontSize = 13;
        UIFont *boldFont = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:fontSize];
        CTFontRef ctBoldFont = CTFontCreateWithName((CFStringRef)boldFont.fontName, boldFont.pointSize, NULL);
        UIFont *font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:13];
        CTFontRef ctFont = CTFontCreateWithName((CFStringRef)font.fontName, font.pointSize, NULL);
        CGColorRef cgColor = [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor;
        NSDictionary *attributes = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                                    (id)ctBoldFont, (id)kCTFontAttributeName,
                                    cgColor, (id)kCTForegroundColorAttributeName, nil];
        CFRelease(ctBoldFont);
        NSDictionary *subAttributes = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:(id)ctFont, (id)kCTFontAttributeName, nil];
        CFRelease(ctFont);

        /* Create the attributed string (text + attributes) */
        NSMutableAttributedString *attrStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:text attributes:attributes];
        [attrStr addAttributes:subAttributes range:NSMakeRange(prefix.length, 12)]; //12 is the length of " MM/dd/yyyy/ "

        /* Set the attributes string in the text layer :) */
        _textLayer.string = attrStr;
        [attrStr release];

        _textLayer.opacity = 1.0;
    } else {
        _textLayer.opacity = 0.0;
        _textLayer.string = nil;
    }
}

在这个例子中我只有两种不同类型的字体（粗体和普通）但你也可以有不同的字体大小，不同的颜色，斜体，下划线等。
看看 NSAttributedString / NSMutableAttributedString 和 CoreText属性字符串键。

In this example I only have two different types of font (bold and normal) but you could also have different font size, different color, italics, underlined, etc. Take a look at NSAttributedString / NSMutableAttributedString and CoreText attributes string keys.

希望有所帮助

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