单元测试依赖注入 [英] Unit Testing dependency injection

问题描述

我是茉莉和业力的新手。我相信我已经正确设置了环境，并且我能够运行非常基本的单元测试，但是一旦我尝试实例化控制器，我就会收到一个未知的提供程序错误，我不确定如何调试它。我是否需要传入stateProvider依赖项？我没有在angular-seed示例中看到这一点。

I am brand new to jasmine and karma. I believe I have the environment setup properly and I am able to run very basic unit tests, but as soon as I try to instantiate a controller I am given an unknown provider error and I am unsure how to debug this. Do I need to pass in a stateProvider dependency? I don't see this in the angular-seed example.

Bower.json：

Bower.json:

{
"name": "starter",
  "description": "A starter project for AngularJS",
  "version": "2.0.0",
  "homepage": "https://starter.com",
  "private": true,
  "dependencies": {
      "angular": "1.2.x",
      "angular-route": "1.2.x",
      "angular-loader": "1.2.x",
      "angular-mocks": "~1.2.15"
  }
}

Home Controller：

Home Controller:

angular.module('home').controller('Home', function($scope, $rootScope, $state) {

    console.log($scope.pageType);

    $rootScope.pageType = 'home';

    /*
     * Takes in a state and transitions the app to that state.
     */
    $scope.goTo = function(value) {
        $state.transitionTo(value);
    }

    /*
     * Handles what happens after clicking log-in
     */
    $scope.loginClicked = function() {
        $state.transitionTo('log-in');
    }
});

测试文件：

'use strict';

/* jasmine specs for controllers go here */

describe('Home', function() {
    beforeEach(module('home'));

    it('should run tests', inject(function() {
        expect(null).toBeDefined();
    }));

    it('should not say true equals false', function() {
        expect(false).not.toBe(true);
    });

    it('should say true equals true', function() {
        expect(true).toBe(true);
    });

    it('should say false does not equal true', function() {
        expect(false).not.toBe(true);
    });

    it('should create "phones" model with 3 phones', inject(function($controller,$rootScope) {

    /*
     * 
     * COMMENTING OUT THESE LINES = PASS
     *
     */
        var scope = $rootScope.$new(),
            ctrl = $controller('Home', {$scope:scope});
        expect(ctrl).not.toBe(null);
    }));

});

错误：

    Error: [$injector:unpr] Unknown provider: $stateProvider <- $state
http://errors.angularjs.org/1.2.16/$injector/unpr?p0=%24stateProvider%20%3C-%20%24state
    at /Users/jlett/bower_components/angular/angular.js:78:12
    at /Users/jlett/bower_components/angular/angular.js:3705:19
    at Object.getService [as get] (/Users/jlett/bower_components/angular/angular.js:3832:39)
    at /Users/jlett/bower_components/angular/angular.js:3710:45
    at getService (/Users/jlett/bower_components/angular/angular.js:3832:39)
    at invoke (/Users/jlett/bower_components/angular/angular.js:3859:13)
    at Object.instantiate (/Users/jlett/bower_components/angular/angular.js:3880:23)
    at /Users/jlett/bower_components/angular/angular.js:7134:28
    at null.<anonymous> (/Users/jlett/test/unit/home-controller_tests.js:26:20)
    at Object.invoke (/Users/jlett/bower_components/angular/angular.js:3869:17)
Error: Declaration Location
    at window.inject.angular.mock.inject (/Users/jlett/bower_components/angular-mocks/angular-mocks.js:2132:25)
    at null.<anonymous> (/Users/jlett/test/unit/home-controller_tests.js:24:54)
    at /Users/jlett/zoetis-rimadyl-mobile/test/unit/home-controller_tests.js:5:1

推荐答案

如果其中一个注射模块，你会收到此错误不包括在内。

You'll get this error if one of the injectables module isn't included.

例如，你有

beforeEach(module('home'));

如果你的 $ state 依赖关系不在 home 模块，您还需要包含该模块。我不熟悉 $ state （我认为它是angular-ui的路由器？只有angular.js服务应该以 $ ）。如果它是角度ui，那么你应该如何设置：

If your $state dependency is not in the home module, you'll need to include that module also. I'm not familiar with $state (I think it's angular-ui's router? Only angular.js services are supposed to start with $). If it's angular ui, this is how you should setup:

beforeEach(module('ui.router'));
beforeEach(module('home'));

这样，angular的测试运行器就知道运行测试需要哪些模块。

This way, angular's test runner knows what modules are required to run your tests.

实际上，只要您拥有 ui，包含 home 模块就可以为您完成此操作。 router 依赖项定义为该模块的依赖项。如果配置正确，则可能需要查看包含在测试中的文件的顺序。例如，确保测试中包含ui-router文件，并在karma配置中的 home 模块之前引用它。

Really, the inclusion of the home module should do this for you as long as you have the ui.router dependency defined as a dependency of that module. If you have that configured correctly, you may need to look at the order of your files being included for your tests. For example, make sure the ui-router file is being included for your tests and that it is referenced before your home module in karma's config.

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