JUnit测试预期异常的正确方法 [英] JUnit right way of test expected exceptions

问题描述

大家好我想知道这种测试我的异常的方式是否正常，我有这个例外我需要抛出第二个测试注释，我接收结果是一个红色的邪恶吧，一个成功和失败，就像你可以猜到失败是我关心的，我有失败（）;但原因是因为我读了测试异常的方法，现在我很困惑。

Hello guys I was wondering if this way of testing my exception is ok, i have this exception i need to throw in the second test annotation, im receiving as result a red evil bar, and a succeed and a failure, as you can guess the failure is my concern, i have a fail(); there but the reason is because i read thats the way to test the exception and now im confused.

此外，我必须说im willin得到绿色条，因为我期待着异常，但我不知道失败是否是查看预期异常答案的正确方法。

Also i have to say im willin get the green bar because im expecting the exception, but i dont know if failure is the right way to see the answer of the expected exception.

此外，如果您有任何建议，我将不胜感激

Also if you had any advice, I would appreciate it

@Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        LogPack.logPacConfig(Constants.LOGGING_FILE);
        gtfri = "+RESP:GTFRI,380502,869606020101881,INCOFER-gv65,,10,1,1,0.0,0,888.1,-84.194560,9.955602,20170220074514,,,,,,0.0,,,,100,210100,,,,20170220074517,40A2$";
        weirdProtocol = "+RESP:GRI,380502,869606020101881,INCOFER-gv65,,10,1,1,0.0,0,888.1,-84.194560,9.955602,20170220074514,,,,,,0.0,,,,100,210100,,,,20170220074517,40A2$";
        factory = new LocomotiveFactory();
    }
    @Test
    public void GTFRICreationTester_shouldPass() throws TramaConProtolocoloDesconocido {
        assertTrue(factory.createLocomotive(gtfri, false, new Date()) instanceof LocomotiveGTFRI);
    }

    @Test(expected = TramaConProtolocoloDesconocido.class)
    public void GTFRICreationTester_shouldFail()  {
        try {
            factory.createLocomotive(weirdProtocol, false, new Date());
            fail("Expected an TramaConProtolocoloDesconocido");
        } catch (TramaConProtolocoloDesconocido e) {
            //assertSame("exception thrown as expected", "no se conoce el protocolo dado para la creacion de este factory", e.getMessage());;
        }
    }

推荐答案

那里是测试预期异常的3种最常用方法：

There is 3 most common ways to test expected exception:

第一种方法是最常用的方法，但您只能使用它来测试预期异常的类型。如果 ExceptionType 将不会被抛出，则此测试将失败：

First one is the most common way, but you can test only the type of expected exception with it. This test will fail if ExceptionType won't be thrown:

@Test(expected = ExceptionType.class)
public void testSomething(){
    sut.doSomething();
}

此外，您无法使用此方法指定失败消息

Also you cannot specify the failure message using this approach

更好的选择是使用 ExpectedException JUnit @Rule 。在这里你可以为预期的异常断言更多

The better option is to use ExpectedException JUnit @Rule. Here you can assert much more for expected exception

@Rule
public ExpectedException thrown = ExpectedException.none();

@Test
public void testSomething(){
    thrown.expect(ExceptionType.class);
    thrown.expectMessage("Error message");
    thrown.expectCause(is(new CauseOfExeption()));
    thrown.reportMissingExceptionWithMessage("Exception expected"); 
    //any other expectations
    sut.doSomething();
}

第三个选项允许你像使用ExpectedException @Rule一样，但所有断言都应手动编写。但是，此方法的优点是您可以使用任何自定义断言和任何所需的断言库：

The third option will allow you to do the same as with using ExpectedException @Rule, but all the assertion should be written manually. However the advantage of this method is that you can use any custom assertion and any assertion library that you want:

@Test
public void testSomething(){
    try{
        sut.doSomething();
        fail("Expected exception");
    } catch(ExceptionType e) {
    //assert ExceptionType e
    } 
}

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