如何确保replaceAll将替换整个单词而不是subString [英] How to ensure replaceAll will replace a whole word and not a subString

问题描述

我输入了字典。迭代字典以从文本中的字典替换键。但是 replaceAll 函数也会替换 subString 。

I have an input of dictionary. The dictionary is iterated over to replace the key from dictionary in the text. But replaceAll function replaces the subString as well.

如何确保它匹配整个单词（整体而不是 subString ）

How to ensure that it will match the whole word (as a whole and not as a subString)

String text= "Synthesis of 1-(2,6-dimethylbenzyl)-1H-indole-6-carboxylic acid [69-3] The titled compound (883 mg) sdvfshd[69-3]3456 as a white solid was prepared"

dictionary= {[69-3]=1-(2,6-dimethylbenzyl)-1H-indole-6-carboxylic acid }

for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : dictionary.entrySet()){

        text=text.replaceAll("\\b"+Pattern.quote(entry.getKey())+"\\b", entry.getValue());

} 

推荐答案

replaceAll 将正则表达式作为参数。

replaceAll takes as parameter a regular expression.

在正则表达式中，你有单词边界： \b （使用 \ \b 在字符串文字中）。它们是确保您匹配单词而不是单词的一部分的最佳方式：\\bword\\b

In regular expressions, you have word boundaries : \b (use \\b in a string literal). They're the best way to ensure you're matching a word and not a part of a word : "\\bword\\b"

但在你的情况下，你不能使用单词边界，因为你没有找一个单词（ [69-3] 不是一个字。）

But in your case, you can't use word boundaries as you're not looking for a word ([69-3] isn't a word).

我建议：

text=text.replaceAll("(?=\\W+|^)"+Pattern.quote("[69-3]")+"(?=\\W+|$)", ...

想法是匹配字符串结尾或不是单词的东西。我不能确保这对您来说是正确的解决方案：必须在知道确切的完整用例的情况下调整这种模式。

The idea is to match a string end or something that's not a word. I can't ensure this will be the right solution for you though : such a pattern must be tuned knowing the exact complete use case.

请注意，如果所有密钥都遵循类似的模式可能是比迭代字典更好的解决方案，例如你可以使用像这样的模式（？= \\W + | ^）\\ [\\d + \ \-\\\\ + \\]（？= \\W + | $）。

Note that if all your keys follow a similar pattern there might be a better solution than to iterate through a dictionary, you might for example use a pattern like "(?=\\W+|^)\\[\\d+\\-\\d+\\](?=\\W+|$)".

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