使用@DataJpaTest进行Spring测试不能使用@Repository自动装配类（但是使用接口存储库工作！） [英] Spring test with @DataJpaTest can't autowire class with @Repository (but with interface repository works!)

问题描述

我试图了解为什么我无法自动装配类库，但我可以在相同的包中为相同的测试自动装配一个接口存储库。当我启动应用程序时，相同的存储库按预期工作。

I'm trying to understand why I can't autowire a class repository but I can autowire a interface repository in the same package for the same test. The same repository works as expected when I start the application.

首先，错误：

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.app.person.repository.PersonRepository' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultPersonbleBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultPersonbleBeanFactory.java:1493)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultPersonbleBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultPersonbleBeanFactory.java:1104)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultPersonbleBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultPersonbleBeanFactory.java:1066)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:585)
    ... 28 more

我有一个非常简单的例子。测试：

I have a very simple example. The test:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DataJpaTest
public class PersonRepositoryTest {

    @Autowired
    private PersonRepository personRepository; // fail...

    @Autowired
    private PersonCrudRepository personCrudRepository; // works!

    @Test
    public void findOne() {
    }
}

存储库类：

@Repository
public class PersonRepository {
    //code
}

存储库界面：

@Repository
public interface PersonCrudRepository extends CrudRepository<Person, Long> {
}

遇到同样错误的错误经验，我试图在配置中找到一些细节或测试导致此问题的原因。另一种可能性是 @DataJpaTest 不支持类存储库。

After a bad experience with this same error, I'm trying to find some detail in my configuration or test what is responsible for this problem. Another possibility is @DataJpaTest not support class repositories.

推荐答案

我认为我对这个问题是正确的。找到在Github上发帖并阅读 Spring Documentation ：

I think I was right about the problem. After find a post on Github and read the Spring Documentation:

如果要测试JPA应用程序，可以使用@DataJpaTest。通过
默认，它将配置内存中的嵌入式数据库，扫描
@Entity类并配置Spring Data JPA存储库。常规
@Component bean不会加载到ApplicationContext中。

@DataJpaTest can be used if you want to test JPA applications. By default it will configure an in-memory embedded database, scan for @Entity classes and configure Spring Data JPA repositories. Regular @Component beans will not be loaded into the ApplicationContext.

我的 PersonRepository 被认为是常规 @Component ，因为它不是Spring Data JPA存储库（接口是）。因此，它没有加载。

My PersonRepository is considered a regular @Component, because it is not a Spring Data JPA repository (the interface is). So, it is not loaded.

替代方法是使用 @SpringBootTest 而不是 @ DataJpaTest 。

The alternative is use @SpringBootTest instead of @DataJpaTest.

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