Maven没有找到org.junit，即使它位于依赖项中 [英] Maven doesn't find org.junit even though it's in the dependencies
问题描述
我想在我的小项目中添加一个测试（请注意我从代码中删除了一些位并更改了包名，所以如果你看到任何错误，可能不是这个;））：
I wanted to add a test to my small project (please note I removed some bits from the code & changed package names, so if there's any error you see regarding this it might be not this ;)):
package my.pckg;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
public class SignedRequestCallbackTest {
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
}
@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
}
@Test
public void testCorrectSignedRequest() {
assertTrue(false);
}
}
（我也尝试从TestCase为了删除静态导入但它没有帮助）
(I also tried to extend from TestCase in order to remove the static import but it didn't help)
运行 mvn test 之后它显示了我无法找到的错误org.junit：
After running mvn test it shows me an error that it couldn't find org.junit:
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Test Server 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.4.3:resources (default-resources) @ server ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (MacRoman actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:compile (default-compile) @ server ---
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding MacRoman, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 9 source files to /Users/michael/Projects/fbmuc/server/target/classes
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] COMPILATION ERROR :
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[4,27] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[6,16] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[7,16] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[8,16] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[14,9] cannot find symbol
symbol : class Before
location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[18,9] cannot find symbol
symbol : class After
location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[22,9] cannot find symbol
symbol : class Test
location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[24,12] cannot find symbol
symbol : method assertTrue(boolean)
location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[INFO] 9 errors
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2.161s
[INFO] Finished at: Fri Feb 22 18:02:37 CET 2013
[INFO] Final Memory: 8M/81M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:compile (default-compile) on project server: Compilation failure: Compilation failure:
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[4,27] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[4,4] static import only from classes and interfaces
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[6,16] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[7,16] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[8,16] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[14,9] cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol : class Before
[ERROR] location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[18,9] cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol : class After
[ERROR] location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[22,9] cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol : class Test
[ERROR] location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[ERROR] ~/code/src/test/java/my/pckg/SignedRequestCallbackTest.java:[24,12] cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol : method assertTrue(boolean)
[ERROR] location: class my.pckgSignedRequestCallbackTest
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException
我的pom.xml如下所示：
My pom.xml looks like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>TestServer</name>
<description>Test</description>
<build>
<sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<dependencies>
<!-- Facebook library -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.restfb</groupId>
<artifactId>restfb</artifactId>
<version>1.6.11</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Gson: Java to Json conversion -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Tigase server snapshot -->
<dependency>
<groupId>tigase</groupId>
<artifactId>tigase-server</artifactId>
<version>5.2.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>tigase</id>
<name>Tigase repository</name>
<url>http://maven.tigase.org</url>
</repository>
<repository>
<id>tigase-snapshot</id>
<name>Tigase repository</name>
<url>http://build.xmpp-test.net/maven/</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
</project>
mvn依赖：tree：
mvn dependency:tree:
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Test Server 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.1:tree (default-cli) @ server ---
[INFO] my.pckg:server:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] +- com.restfb:restfb:jar:1.6.11:compile
[INFO] +- com.google.code.gson:gson:jar:2.2.2:compile
[INFO] +- tigase:tigase-server:jar:5.2.0-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] | +- tigase:tigase-utils:jar:3.4.1-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] | \- tigase:tigase-xmltools:jar:3.4.3-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] +- commons-codec:commons-codec:jar:1.7:compile
[INFO] \- junit:junit:jar:4.11:test
[INFO] \- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2.240s
[INFO] Finished at: Fri Feb 22 18:07:55 CET 2013
[INFO] Final Memory: 5M/81M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
mvn version：
mvn version:
Apache Maven 3.0.3 (r1075438; 2011-02-28 18:31:09+0100)
Maven home: /usr/share/maven
Java version: 1.6.0_41, vendor: Apple Inc.
Java home: /System/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.6.0.jdk/Contents/Home
Default locale: de_CH, platform encoding: MacRoman
OS name: "mac os x", version: "10.8.2", arch: "x86_64", family: "mac"
请注意我不是java或maven的专家，只是开始（尤其是maven）。
从我从其他文章和问题中看到的，我应该在 src / test / java 和我的真实代码<$ c中进行测试$ c> src / main / java - 我这样做了。
Please note that I'm not an expert in java nor in maven, just getting started (especially with maven).
From what I've seen from other articles and questions, I should have my tests within src/test/java and my "real" code within src/main/java - I have done it like this.
此外，我删除了整个〜/ .m2 /文件夹，但仍然无效。
Also I removed once the whole ~/.m2/ folder and it still didn't work.
我也运行了 mvn test -X ，但它没有帮助我。如果我发帖请告诉我。
I also did run mvn test -X but it didn't help me. If I should post it please tell me so.
推荐答案
你不应该覆盖你的< sourceDirectory> ; 设置POM的< build> 元素，除非你有充分的理由。此属性确定Maven查找非测试代码的位置。此属性的默认值为 src / main / java 。 < testSourceDirectory> 属性设置 test 代码的路径（默认为 src / test / java 。通过将< sourceDirectory> 设置为 src ，Maven认为整个目录包含main应用程序代码。由于 src 目录包含 src / test / java ，Maven然后尝试编译您的测试代码作为一部分主要应用程序。
You shouldn't override your <sourceDirectory> setting in the POM's <build> element unless you have a good reason to. This attribute determines where Maven looks for non-test code. The default value for this attribute is src/main/java. The <testSourceDirectory> attribute sets the path to test code (this defaults to src/test/java. By setting the <sourceDirectory> to simply src, Maven considers that entire directory to contain main application code. Since the src directory contains src/test/java, Maven then tries to compile your test code as part of the main application.
这很重要，因为在编译主应用程序时（在编译阶段），Maven省略与 test 范围的依赖关系。测试代码在主要的阶段（ test-compile 阶段）之后编译编译。
This is significant because when compiling the main application (during the compile phase), Maven omits dependencies with test scope. Test code is compiled in a separate phase (the test-compile phase) after the main compile.
因为Maven试图将测试代码编译为主应用程序的一部分，所以它省略了 junit 依赖关系，它们在类路径中不可用。这里的解决方案是不指定< sourceDirectory> POM中的元素。
So since Maven tried to compile your test code as part of the main application, it omitted the junit dependency, and they weren't available on the classpath. The solution here is to simply not specify the <sourceDirectory> element in the POM.
这篇关于Maven没有找到org.junit，即使它位于依赖项中的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
