Java - 如何导入外部包？ [英] Java - How to import external packages?
问题描述
我还是比较新的Java。我已经尝试过寻找解决方案，但我想我还不知道Java到底应该知道我应该搜索的内容。
I'm still relatively new to Java. I've tried searching for a solution, but I think I don't know enough Java yet to even know exactly what I should be searching for.
我想尝试一下玩弄语音识别，所以我下载了CMU的Sphinx-4源代码并进行了编译。一旦我完成了所有工作，我就可以运行所包含的演示了。接下来，我在保存Sphinx-4目录的目录中为我的代码创建了一个目录（/ Jarvis /）。在Sphinx-4源目录中，有一长串目录导致我玩过的演示（/Sphinx4-1.0beta6/src/apps/edu/cmu/sphinx/demo/）。在demo文件夹中是一个HelloWorld目录，其中包含使用Sphinx-4函数的简单程序的源代码。我的第一个目标是在我为自己的代码设置的目录中获取此演示的副本。所以我已经制作了HelloWorld文件的副本并将它们放在我的Jarvis目录中。重命名并更改了代码，以便以前是HelloWorld的所有内容现在都是Jarvis。不幸的是，我遇到的问题并不像命名问题那么简单，而是找到包的路径。
I wanted to try playing around with voice recognition, so I downloaded CMU's Sphinx-4 source code and compiled it. Once I had everything working I was able to run the included demos just fine. Next, I created a directory (/Jarvis/) for my code in the directory which holds the Sphinx-4 directory. Within the Sphinx-4 source directory there's a long chain of directories leading to the demos I've played with (/Sphinx4-1.0beta6/src/apps/edu/cmu/sphinx/demo/). In the demo folder is a HelloWorld directory containing source code for a simple program to use the Sphinx-4 functions. My first goal is to get a copy of this demo working in the directory I have set up for my own code. So I've made a copy of the HelloWorld files and placed them in my Jarvis directory. Renamed and changed the code so that everything which used to be HelloWorld is now Jarvis. Unfortunately the problem I have is not as simple as naming problems, but the paths to find the packages.
使用Java，我大多只使用过简单的javac example.java命令用于编译过去的代码。我猜我在这种情况下可能需要更多东西，但我不确定究竟是什么。当尝试以这种方式编译时，我得到错误：
With Java, I've mostly only ever used a simple "javac example.java" command to compile code in the past. I'm guessing I might need something more in this case, but I'm not sure exactly what. When trying to compile in this way I get the errors:
Jarvis.java:15: error: package edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.util does not exist
import edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.util.Microphone;
^
Jarvis.java:16: error: package edu.cmu.sphinx.recognizer does not exist
import edu.cmu.sphinx.recognizer.Recognizer;
^
Jarvis.java:17: error: package edu.cmu.sphinx.result does not exist
import edu.cmu.sphinx.result.Result;
^
Jarvis.java:18: error: package edu.cmu.sphinx.util.props does not exist
import edu.cmu.sphinx.util.props.ConfigurationManager;
^
Jarvis.java:28: error: cannot find symbol
ConfigurationManager cm;
^
symbol: class ConfigurationManager
location: class Jarvis
Jarvis.java:31: error: cannot find symbol
cm = new ConfigurationManager(args[0]);
^
symbol: class ConfigurationManager
location: class Jarvis
Jarvis.java:33: error: cannot find symbol
cm = new ConfigurationManager(Jarvis.class.getResource("jarvis.config.xml"));
^
symbol: class ConfigurationManager
location: class Jarvis
Jarvis.java:36: error: cannot find symbol
Recognizer recognizer = (Recognizer) cm.lookup("recognizer");
^
symbol: class Recognizer
location: class Jarvis
Jarvis.java:36: error: cannot find symbol
Recognizer recognizer = (Recognizer) cm.lookup("recognizer");
^
symbol: class Recognizer
location: class Jarvis
Jarvis.java:40: error: cannot find symbol
Microphone microphone = (Microphone) cm.lookup("microphone");
^
symbol: class Microphone
location: class Jarvis
Jarvis.java:40: error: cannot find symbol
Microphone microphone = (Microphone) cm.lookup("microphone");
^
symbol: class Microphone
location: class Jarvis
Jarvis.java:53: error: cannot find symbol
Result result = recognizer.recognize();
^
symbol: class Result
location: class Jarvis
12 errors
所以我想要包含那些丢失的包。我知道它与路径在代码中的定义方式有关，但我还不了解Java还知道如何定义这些路径。我想在代码中更改一些内容吗？我应该以不同的方式预编译吗？只需向正确的方向推进就会很有用。
So I'm looking to include those missing packages. I understand it has to do with the how the paths are defined in the code, but I don't know enough about Java yet to know exactly how to define those paths. Am I suppose to change something more in the code? Should I be preforming the compile differently? Just a push in the right direction would be useful.
下面我已经包含了最初来自HelloWorld演示的4个文件，我做了一些轻微的命名修改to。
Below I've included the 4 files which originally came from the HelloWorld demo which I've made the slight naming modifications to.
感谢您的时间！
Jarvis.java：
Jarvis.java:
package jarvis.jarvis;
import edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.util.Microphone;
import edu.cmu.sphinx.recognizer.Recognizer;
import edu.cmu.sphinx.result.Result;
import edu.cmu.sphinx.util.props.ConfigurationManager;
/**
* A simple HelloWorld demo showing a simple speech application built using Sphinx-4. This application uses the Sphinx-4
* endpointer, which automatically segments incoming audio into utterances and silences.
*/
public class Jarvis {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ConfigurationManager cm;
if (args.length > 0) {
cm = new ConfigurationManager(args[0]);
} else {
cm = new ConfigurationManager(Jarvis.class.getResource("jarvis.config.xml"));
}
Recognizer recognizer = (Recognizer) cm.lookup("recognizer");
recognizer.allocate();
// start the microphone or exit if the programm if this is not possible
Microphone microphone = (Microphone) cm.lookup("microphone");
if (!microphone.startRecording()) {
System.out.println("Cannot start microphone.");
recognizer.deallocate();
System.exit(1);
}
System.out.println("Say: (Good morning | Hello) ( Bhiksha | Evandro | Paul | Philip | Rita | Will )");
// loop the recognition until the programm exits.
while (true) {
System.out.println("Start speaking. Press Ctrl-C to quit.\n");
Result result = recognizer.recognize();
if (result != null) {
String resultText = result.getBestFinalResultNoFiller();
System.out.println("You said: " + resultText + '\n');
} else {
System.out.println("I can't hear what you said.\n");
}
}
}
}
jarvis .config.xml：
jarvis.config.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
Sphinx-4 Configuration file
-->
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<!-- an4 configuration file -->
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<config>
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<!-- frequently tuned properties -->
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<property name="logLevel" value="WARNING"/>
<property name="absoluteBeamWidth" value="-1"/>
<property name="relativeBeamWidth" value="1E-80"/>
<property name="wordInsertionProbability" value="1E-36"/>
<property name="languageWeight" value="8"/>
<property name="frontend" value="epFrontEnd"/>
<property name="recognizer" value="recognizer"/>
<property name="showCreations" value="false"/>
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<!-- word recognizer configuration -->
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<component name="recognizer" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.recognizer.Recognizer">
<property name="decoder" value="decoder"/>
<propertylist name="monitors">
<item>accuracyTracker </item>
<item>speedTracker </item>
<item>memoryTracker </item>
</propertylist>
</component>
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<!-- The Decoder configuration -->
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<component name="decoder" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.decoder.Decoder">
<property name="searchManager" value="searchManager"/>
</component>
<component name="searchManager"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.decoder.search.SimpleBreadthFirstSearchManager">
<property name="logMath" value="logMath"/>
<property name="linguist" value="flatLinguist"/>
<property name="pruner" value="trivialPruner"/>
<property name="scorer" value="threadedScorer"/>
<property name="activeListFactory" value="activeList"/>
</component>
<component name="activeList"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.decoder.search.PartitionActiveListFactory">
<property name="logMath" value="logMath"/>
<property name="absoluteBeamWidth" value="${absoluteBeamWidth}"/>
<property name="relativeBeamWidth" value="${relativeBeamWidth}"/>
</component>
<component name="trivialPruner"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.decoder.pruner.SimplePruner"/>
<component name="threadedScorer"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.decoder.scorer.ThreadedAcousticScorer">
<property name="frontend" value="${frontend}"/>
</component>
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<!-- The linguist configuration -->
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<component name="flatLinguist"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.linguist.flat.FlatLinguist">
<property name="logMath" value="logMath"/>
<property name="grammar" value="jsgfGrammar"/>
<property name="acousticModel" value="wsj"/>
<property name="wordInsertionProbability"
value="${wordInsertionProbability}"/>
<property name="languageWeight" value="${languageWeight}"/>
<property name="unitManager" value="unitManager"/>
</component>
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<!-- The Grammar configuration -->
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<component name="jsgfGrammar" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.jsgf.JSGFGrammar">
<property name="dictionary" value="dictionary"/>
<property name="grammarLocation"
value="resource:/edu/cmu/sphinx/demo/jarvis/"/>
<property name="grammarName" value="jarvis"/>
<property name="logMath" value="logMath"/>
</component>
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<!-- The Dictionary configuration -->
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<component name="dictionary"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.linguist.dictionary.FastDictionary">
<property name="dictionaryPath"
value="resource:/WSJ_8gau_13dCep_16k_40mel_130Hz_6800Hz/dict/cmudict.0.6d"/>
<property name="fillerPath"
value="resource:/WSJ_8gau_13dCep_16k_40mel_130Hz_6800Hz/noisedict"/>
<property name="addSilEndingPronunciation" value="false"/>
<property name="allowMissingWords" value="false"/>
<property name="unitManager" value="unitManager"/>
</component>
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<!-- The acoustic model configuration -->
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<component name="wsj"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.linguist.acoustic.tiedstate.TiedStateAcousticModel">
<property name="loader" value="wsjLoader"/>
<property name="unitManager" value="unitManager"/>
</component>
<component name="wsjLoader" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.linguist.acoustic.tiedstate.Sphinx3Loader">
<property name="logMath" value="logMath"/>
<property name="unitManager" value="unitManager"/>
<property name="location" value="resource:/WSJ_8gau_13dCep_16k_40mel_130Hz_6800Hz"/>
</component>
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<!-- The unit manager configuration -->
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<component name="unitManager"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.linguist.acoustic.UnitManager"/>
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<!-- The frontend configuration -->
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<component name="frontEnd" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.FrontEnd">
<propertylist name="pipeline">
<item>microphone </item>
<item>preemphasizer </item>
<item>windower </item>
<item>fft </item>
<item>melFilterBank </item>
<item>dct </item>
<item>liveCMN </item>
<item>featureExtraction </item>
</propertylist>
</component>
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<!-- The live frontend configuration -->
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<component name="epFrontEnd" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.FrontEnd">
<propertylist name="pipeline">
<item>microphone </item>
<item>dataBlocker </item>
<item>speechClassifier </item>
<item>speechMarker </item>
<item>nonSpeechDataFilter </item>
<item>preemphasizer </item>
<item>windower </item>
<item>fft </item>
<item>melFilterBank </item>
<item>dct </item>
<item>liveCMN </item>
<item>featureExtraction </item>
</propertylist>
</component>
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<!-- The frontend pipelines -->
<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<component name="dataBlocker" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.DataBlocker">
<!--<property name="blockSizeMs" value="10"/>-->
</component>
<component name="speechClassifier"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.endpoint.SpeechClassifier">
<property name="threshold" value="13"/>
</component>
<component name="nonSpeechDataFilter"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.endpoint.NonSpeechDataFilter"/>
<component name="speechMarker"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.endpoint.SpeechMarker" >
<property name="speechTrailer" value="50"/>
</component>
<component name="preemphasizer"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.filter.Preemphasizer"/>
<component name="windower"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.window.RaisedCosineWindower">
</component>
<component name="fft"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.transform.DiscreteFourierTransform">
</component>
<component name="melFilterBank"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.frequencywarp.MelFrequencyFilterBank">
</component>
<component name="dct"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.transform.DiscreteCosineTransform"/>
<component name="liveCMN"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.feature.LiveCMN"/>
<component name="featureExtraction"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.feature.DeltasFeatureExtractor"/>
<component name="microphone"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.util.Microphone">
<property name="closeBetweenUtterances" value="false"/>
</component>
<!-- ******************************************************* -->
<!-- monitors -->
<!-- ******************************************************* -->
<component name="accuracyTracker"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.instrumentation.BestPathAccuracyTracker">
<property name="recognizer" value="${recognizer}"/>
<property name="showAlignedResults" value="false"/>
<property name="showRawResults" value="false"/>
</component>
<component name="memoryTracker"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.instrumentation.MemoryTracker">
<property name="recognizer" value="${recognizer}"/>
<property name="showSummary" value="false"/>
<property name="showDetails" value="false"/>
</component>
<component name="speedTracker"
type="edu.cmu.sphinx.instrumentation.SpeedTracker">
<property name="recognizer" value="${recognizer}"/>
<property name="frontend" value="${frontend}"/>
<property name="showSummary" value="true"/>
<property name="showDetails" value="false"/>
</component>
<!-- ******************************************************* -->
<!-- Miscellaneous components -->
<!-- ******************************************************* -->
<component name="logMath" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.util.LogMath">
<property name="logBase" value="1.0001"/>
<property name="useAddTable" value="true"/>
</component>
</config>
jarvis.gram：
jarvis.gram:
#JSGF V1.0;
/**
* JSGF Grammar for Hello World example
*/
grammar jarvis;
public <greet> = (Good morning | Hello) ( Bhiksha | Evandro | Paul | Philip | Rita | Will );
jarvis.Manifest
jarvis.Manifest
Main-Class: jarvis.Jarvis
Class-Path: ../sphinx4-1.0beta6/lib/sphinx4.jar ../sphinx4-1.0beta6/lib/WSJ_8gau_13dCep_16k_40mel_130Hz_6800Hz.jar
推荐答案
编译器使用类路径查找所需的库。设置类路径的方法有很多种：一种是使用CLASSPATH环境变量，另一种是使用 -classpath 命令行开关。总之，您可以编译：
The compiler uses the "class path" to look for required libraries. There are many ways to set the class path: one is using the CLASSPATH environment variable, another is using the -classpath command line switch. In summary you could compile with:
javac -classpath path/to/sphinx.jar jarvis/Jarvis.java
您可以在 http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/tools/windows/classpath.html
另一件事：您的Jarvis类声明它位于名为 jarvis.jarvis 的包中，因此完全限定名称该类将是 jarvis.jarvis.Jarvis ...不确定这是你想要的。
Another thing: your Jarvis class declares that it's in a package called jarvis.jarvis, so the fully qualified name of the class would be jarvis.jarvis.Jarvis ... not sure that's what you intend.
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