如何使用Spring Boot将H2连接到远程数据库而不是嵌入模式？ [英] How do you connect to H2 as a remote database instead of embedded mode using Spring Boot?

问题描述

对于我的小型Spring Boot应用程序，我在src / main / resources下有这个配置：

I have this configuration under src/main/resources for my little Spring Boot application:

server.port = 8090
spring.datasource.driverClassName = org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.url = jdbc:h2:file:~/stapler

我知道此配置已正确选取，因为应用程序启动日志中有有效的端口号8090。还有一个@PostConstruct initDb（）方法，它创建数据并将数据插入该数据库的2个表中：

I know this configuration is picked up properly, cause there is valid port number 8090 in application startup log. There is also a @PostConstruct initDb() method which creates and inserts data into 2 tables of that database:

package com.avk.stapler.init;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DbInitializer {
    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DbInitializer.class, args);
    }

    @PostConstruct
    private void initDb() {
        System.out.println("Creating table employees");
        jdbcTemplate.execute("drop table employees if exists");
        jdbcTemplate.execute("create table employees(id serial, name varchar(255), surname varchar(255))");
        jdbcTemplate.execute("insert into employees(name, surname) values('Jan', 'Kowalski')");
        jdbcTemplate.execute("insert into employees(name, surname) values('Stefan', 'Nowak')");


        System.out.println("Creating table allocations");
        jdbcTemplate.execute("drop table allocations if exists");
        jdbcTemplate.execute("create table allocations(id serial, week int, year int, shift int, employee_id bigint)");
        jdbcTemplate.execute("insert into allocations(week, year, shift, employee_id) values(29, 2015, 1, 1)");
        jdbcTemplate.execute("insert into allocations(week, year, shift, employee_id) values(28, 2015, 2, 1)");
        jdbcTemplate.execute("insert into allocations(week, year, shift, employee_id) values(29, 2015, 3, 2)");
        jdbcTemplate.execute("insert into allocations(week, year, shift, employee_id) values(28, 2015, 2, 2)");
    }
}

我可以在启动时看到这个，我不知道t认为有更多关于数据库的日志：

I can see this logged on startup, I don't think there are more logs regarding DB:

2015-09-30 22:41:22.948  INFO 2832 --- [           main] o.s.j.d.e.EmbeddedDatabaseFactory        : Creating embedded database 'testdb'
Creating table employees
Creating table allocations

由于上述原因，我想在我的主目录中看到stapler.h2.db文件，但实际情况并非如此。这里要更改DB文件应该更改什么？

And as a result of above, I'd like to see a "stapler.h2.db" file in my home directory, which is not the case. What should be changed here for the DB file to appear?

推荐答案

确保你的maven依赖项看起来像这样：

Make sure that your maven dependencies look like this:

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
        <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

如果你想使用JDBC作为远程数据库，你需要确保你是已在您的连接URL中的指定文件路径上运行H2数据库。

If you want to use H2 as a remote database using JDBC, you need to make sure that you are already running an H2 database at the specified file path in your connection url.

如果您尚未安装H2，则可以获得在服务器模式下运行H2的说明这里： http://www.h2database.com/html/tutorial.html#tutorial_starting_h2_console

If you haven't already installed H2, you can get the instructions to run H2 in server mode here: http://www.h2database.com/html/tutorial.html#tutorial_starting_h2_console

运行后，可以使用您提供的相同JDBC连接URL连接到它。只需使用以下应用程序属性。

Once you have it running, you can connect to it using the same JDBC connection URL you've provided. Just use the following application properties.

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/stapler
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=

如果您宁愿嵌入式H2数据库创建H2文件，那也是可能的。只需使用下面的配置。

If you'd rather that the embedded H2 database create your H2 file, that's also possible. Just use the configuration below.

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:file:~/stapler;AUTO_SERVER=true
spring.datasource.username=
spring.datasource.password=

这是可能的创建的文件将命名为 stapler.mv.db 。要告诉H2嵌入式使用 stapler.h2.db ，您可以在此处学习如何执行此操作：为什么我的嵌入式h2程序写入.mv.db文件

It's possible that the file that is created will be named stapler.mv.db. To tell H2 embedded to use stapler.h2.db instead, you can learn how to do that here: Why is my embedded h2 program writing to a .mv.db file

（非常感谢StéphaneNic​​oll帮我回答这个问题）

(Big thanks to Stéphane Nicoll for helping me answer this one)

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