django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured:加载MySQLdb模块时出错: [英] django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module:

问题描述

我正在学习django教程，很多人都问了这个问题，但是我认为我的情况有点特殊，因为在安装python-mysql之后，当我尝试执行python manage.py syncdb时，仍然会收到此错误，

I am following the django tutorial, Many have asked the question but I think my situation is bit unique because after installing python-mysql I still get this error when I try to do python manage.py syncdb,

我在virtualenv中，因为我使用macports管理我的python安装，所以我创建了virtualenv

I am in a virtualenv since I use macports to manage my python installation I created my virtualenv

virtualenv code/vdjango --no-site-packages --python=/opt/local/bin/python

在使用macports之前，我先安装django py27-django，但是在创建virtualenv之后，我认为最好将django安装到virtualenv上，所以我使用了pip install django==1.5

prior to this using macports I install django py27-django, but after creating my virtualenv I thought its better that I install django on to virtualenv so I used pip install django==1.5

根据django教程，我编辑了settings.py文件，然后执行python manage.py syncdb，结果出现以下错误:

According to django tutorial I edited my settings.py file and then execute the python manage.py syncdb and I end up with following error:

[~/code/vdjango/newsite]$python manage.py syncdb
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 453, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 392, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 272, in fetch_command
    klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 77, in load_command_class
    module = import_module('%s.management.commands.%s' % (app_name, name))
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/syncdb.py", line 8, in <module>
    from django.core.management.sql import custom_sql_for_model, emit_post_sync_signal
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/sql.py", line 9, in <module>
    from django.db import models
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
    backend = load_backend(connection.settings_dict['ENGINE'])
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 34, in __getattr__
    return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 93, in __getitem__
    backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 27, in load_backend
    return import_module('.base', backend_name)
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 17, in <module>
    raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: dlopen(/Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so, 2): Library not loaded: libmysqlclient.18.dylib
  Referenced from: /Users/mac-pro/code/vdjango/lib/python2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so
  Reason: image not found

要确认我已安装python-mysql软件包，请再次运行pip安装，

To confirm that I have install python-mysql package I ran the pip install again,

(vdjango)mac-pro@localhost:[~/code/vdjango/newsite]$pip install python-mysqldb
Downloading/unpacking python-mysqldb
  Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement python-mysqldb
No distributions at all found for python-mysqldb
Storing complete log in /Users/mac-pro/.pip/pip.log

那么这里发生了什么?看起来我已经具备了进一步学习本教程所需的一切，但是有些python/django如何抱怨没有mysqldb.

So whats happening here? Looks like I have everything that I need to go further with the tutorial but some how python/django is complaining about not having mysqldb.

推荐答案

我的libmysqlclient.18.dylib位于/usr/local/mysql/lib/中，但是我的系统正在/usr/lib/中寻找它.我最终在/usr/lib中创建了libmysqlclient.18.dylib的符号链接，从而解决了该问题.

My libmysqlclient.18.dylib was located in /usr/local/mysql/lib/ but my system was looking for it in /usr/lib/. I ended up creating a symbolic link of libmysqlclient.18.dylib in /usr/lib which fixed the problem.

打开外壳.

sudo -s
ls /usr/local/mysql/lib/ | grep libmysqlclient.18.dylib

您应该看到该文件:

libmysqlclient.18.dylib

如果没有，请在系统中搜索文件的位置:

If not, search your system for the location of the file:

find / -name libmysqlclient.18.dylib

2.)在/usr/lib中创建libmysqlclient.18.dylib的符号链接

在您的shell中输入以下命令:

2.) Create a symbolic link of libmysqlclient.18.dylib in /usr/lib

Enter the following command in your shell:

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib

如果您的libmysqlclient.18.dylib文件不在/usr/local/mysql/lib中，则将第一个路径替换为libmysqlclient.18.dylib的正确路径.

If your libmysqlclient.18.dylib file wasn't located in /usr/local/mysql/lib replace the first path with the proper path to libmysqlclient.18.dylib.

希望这会有所帮助.

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