在x轴上用日期标签绘制时间序列 [英] Plotting time-series with Date labels on x-axis

问题描述

我知道这个问题可能是一个陈词滥调，但是我很难做到.

I know that this question might be a cliche, but I'm having hard time doing it.

我以以下格式设置了数据:

I've data set in the following format:

    Date            Visits

    11/1/2010       696537
    11/2/2010       718748
    11/3/2010       799355
    11/4/2010       805800
    11/5/2010       701262
    11/6/2010       531579
    11/7/2010       690068
    11/8/2010       756947
    11/9/2010       718757
    11/10/2010      701768
    11/11/2010      820113
    11/12/2010      645259

我想创建一个时间序列图，其中x轴表示时间& y轴拳头.另外，我想用日期标记x轴.我使用的代码如下:

I want to create a time-series plot, with x-axis representing time & y-axis vists. Also, I want to mark the x-axis with date. The code I was using is the following:

dm$newday = as.POSIXct(strptime(dm$Day, format="%Y-%m-%d"))
plot(as.Date(dm$day),dm$visits)
axis.Date(1,Day,at=seq(as.Date("2010/10/30"), as.Date("2011/01/29"),by="days"))

推荐答案

1)由于时间是日期，请确保使用"Date"类，而不是"POSIXct"或"POSIXlt".请参阅R News 4/1以获取建议，并尝试在结尾的注释"中定义Lines的地方尝试此操作.这里没有使用任何软件包.

1) Since the times are dates be sure to use "Date" class, not "POSIXct" or "POSIXlt". See R News 4/1 for advice and try this where Lines is defined in the Note at the end. No packages are used here.

dm <- read.table(text = Lines, header = TRUE)
dm$Date <- as.Date(dm$Date, "%m/%d/%Y")
plot(Visits ~ Date, dm, xaxt = "n", type = "l")
axis(1, dm$Date, format(dm$Date, "%b %d"), cex.axis = .7)

使用text = Lines只是为了保持示例的独立性，实际上，它将被诸如"myfile.dat"之类的东西代替. (图片后续)

The use of text = Lines is just to keep the example self-contained and in reality it would be replaced with something like "myfile.dat" . (continued after image)

2)由于这是一个时间序列，因此您可能希望使用时间序列表示形式来提供稍微简单一些的代码:

2) Since this is a time series you may wish to use a time series representation giving slightly simpler code:

library(zoo)

z <- read.zoo(text = Lines, header = TRUE, format = "%m/%d/%Y")
plot(z, xaxt = "n")
axis(1, dm$Date, format(dm$Date, "%b %d"), cex.axis = .7)

取决于您希望绘图的外观，仅在第一种情况下使用plot(Visits ~ Date, dm)或在第二种情况下使用plot(z)完全压下axis命令就足够了.

Depending on what you want the plot to look like it may be sufficient just to use plot(Visits ~ Date, dm) in the first case or plot(z) in the second case suppressing the axis command entirely.

注意:

Lines <- "Date            Visits
11/1/2010   696537
11/2/2010   718748
11/3/2010   799355
11/4/2010   805800
11/5/2010   701262
11/6/2010   531579
11/7/2010   690068
11/8/2010   756947
11/9/2010   718757
11/10/2010  701768
11/11/2010  820113
11/12/2010  645259"

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