Matplotlib：如何在不透明的线边缘上有透明的框图面？ [英] Matplotlib: how to have a transparent box plot face while a non-transparent line edge?

问题描述

我正在构建一个绘制自定义箱形图的功能。我希望盒子的表面平整，透明，并希望在每个盒子表面周围有一条细实线（不透明）。

我一直在尝试通过调用 matplotlib.pyplot.boxplot 后设置框的参数来进行此操作下面。

当我查看要显示的绘图时，它会显示我想要的内容。但是，当我使用 matplotlib.pyplot.savefig（ output.pdf）创建pdf时，该行并不牢固，它也是透明的。当我放大pdf文件时，此透明度非常明显。

有人能在保持箱形图面透明性的同时使线不透明吗？

预先感谢。

  from matplotlib import pyplot as plt 
 import numpy as np 
 
 data = {} 
 data ['a'] = np.arange（12）+1 
 data ['b'] = np.arange（14）+1 
 data ['c'] = np .arange（8）+1 
 
 cols = ['红色'，'蓝色'，'绿色'] 
 
控件= ['trt_a'，'trt_b'，' trt_c'] 
 
图，ax = plt.subplots（）
 
 boxplot_dict = ax.boxplot（[[a]，'b'中x的数据[x] ，'c']]，\ 
 position = [1，1.5，2]，标签=控件，\ 
 patch_artist = True，宽度= 0.25）
 
 b，c in zip（boxplot_dict ['boxes']，cols）：
 b.set_alpha（0.6）
 b.set_edgecolor（c）＃或尝试'black'
 b.set_facecolor（ c）
 b.set_linewidth（1）
 
 ax.set_ylim（[0,16]）
 
 plt.savefig（ test_boxplot.pdf）
 plt.close（）
  

我尝试了对直方图给出的建议

I'm building a function to draw custom box plots. I'd like the face of the boxes to be plain with slight transparency and I'd like a thin solid (non-transparent) line around each box face.

I've been attempting this by setting the parameters of the boxes after calling matplotlib.pyplot.boxplot as shown below.

When I view the plot to screen it shows what I would like. However, when I create a pdf using, say, matplotlib.pyplot.savefig("output.pdf") the line is not solid, it's transparent also. When I zoom into the pdf file this transparency is noticable.

Does anyone have an idea of how to make the line non-transparent while keeping the transparency of the box plot face?

Thanks in advance.

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

data = {}
data['a'] = np.arange(12)+1
data['b'] = np.arange(14)+1
data['c'] = np.arange(8)+1

cols = ['red', 'blue', 'green']

controls = ['trt_a', 'trt_b', 'trt_c']

fig, ax = plt.subplots()

boxplot_dict = ax.boxplot([data[x] for x in ['a', 'b', 'c']], \
    positions = [1, 1.5, 2], labels = controls, \
    patch_artist = True, widths = 0.25)

for b, c in zip(boxplot_dict['boxes'], cols):
    b.set_alpha(0.6)
    b.set_edgecolor(c) # or try 'black'
    b.set_facecolor(c)
    b.set_linewidth(1)

ax.set_ylim([0,16])

plt.savefig("test_boxplot.pdf")
plt.close()

I've tried the suggestion that was given for histograms here, by setting the colors to include the alpha level [(0, 0, 1, 0.6), (1, 0, 0, 0.6), (0, 1, 0, 0.6)] and that didn't seem to work for box plots.

解决方案

set_alpha changes both face color and edge color, to avoid that, you may want to consider passing RGBA values directly to face color:

#cols = ['red', 'blue', 'green']
cols = [[1,0,0,0.5],
        [0,1,0,0.5],
        [0,0,1,0.5]]

controls = ['trt_a', 'trt_b', 'trt_c']

fig, ax = plt.subplots()

boxplot_dict = ax.boxplot([data[x] for x in ['a', 'b', 'c']], \
    positions = [1, 1.5, 2], labels = controls, \
    patch_artist = True, widths = 0.25)

for b, c in zip(boxplot_dict['boxes'], cols):
    #b.set_alpha(0.6)
    b.set_edgecolor('k') # or try 'black'
    b.set_facecolor(c)
    b.set_linewidth(1)

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