第一列和第一行固定的可滚动表 [英] Scrollable table with first column and first row pinned

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问题描述

我正在尝试创建固定有第一列和第一行的可滚动HTML表.该列已被固定，但我找不到固定该行的方法.有办法实现吗?

实时:

解决方案

遇到问题的主要原因是 position:absolute 规则，这意味着删除了定义更高规则的元素从文档流中删除，这导致该列缩小到其内容的大小(在您谈论 border 时未将其放置在所需的位置).

position 属性具有另一个称为 sticky 的强大值(根据其名称，您猜它可以做什么！)，该值会保留在该位置当视口滚动到某个位置时.

所以不是:

  th:第一个孩子，td:第一个孩子{左:0；位置:绝对；宽度:5em;}

使用:

  tr th:第一个孩子，tr td:第一个孩子{位置:粘性；左:0；宽度:5em;}

对于要固定的第一行，在 thead>上使用 sticky 和 top:0 元素:

  thead th {位置:粘性；最高:0;}

下一个演示中的 div.wrapper 被最小化了(大小)，以便我们确保垂直/水平滚动.

  .wrapper {左边距:5em;溢出-x:自动;宽度:300像素；高度:100px；/**出于演示目的，需要进行一些滚动操作**/}tr th:第一个孩子，tr td:第一个孩子{位置:粘性；/**粘滞而不是绝对**/左:0；宽度:5em;背景颜色:#00f;/**用于演示目的**/z索引:2；/**，以便在进行水平滚动时，左侧的列保持在其他列的顶部**/}剧场{位置:粘性；/** pinn forst行**/最高:0;背景颜色:#f00;/**用于演示目的**/}，td p {溢出:隐藏；文字溢出:省略号；空白:nowrap;}td p {上边距:0}td p:last-child {底边距:0;}，td {边框底部:1px红色虚线；}  

 < div class ="wrapper">< table>< thead>< tr><第1列aaa aaa aaa<<第2列bbb bbb bbb< th<第3栏ccc ccc ccc< th</tr></thead>< tbody>< tr>< td>< p>第1列aaa aaa aaa< p</td>< td>< p>第2列bbb bbb bbb</p>< p>第2列bbb bbb bbb</p></td>< td>< p>第3栏ccc ccc ccc< p></td></tr>< tr>< td>< p>第1列aaa aaa aaa< p</td>< td>< p>第2列bbb bbb bbb</p></td>< td>< p>第3栏ccc ccc ccc< p></td></tr>< tr>< td>< p>第1列aaa aaa aaa< p</td>< td>< p>第2列bbb bbb bbb</p></td>< td>< p>第3栏ccc ccc ccc< p></td></tr>< tr>< td>< p>第1列aaa aaa aaa< p</td>< td>< p>第2列bbb bbb bbb</p></td>< td>< p>第3栏ccc ccc ccc< p></td></tr>< tr>< td>< p>第1列aaa aaa aaa< p</td>< td>< p>第2列bbb bbb bbb</p></td>< td>< p>第3栏ccc ccc ccc< p></td></tr>< tr>< td>< p>第1列aaa aaa aaa< p</td>< td>< p>第2列bbb bbb bbb</p></td>< td>< p>第3栏ccc ccc ccc< p></td></tr>< tr>< td>< p>第1列aaa aaa aaa< p</td>< td>< p>第2列bbb bbb bbb</p></td>< td>< p>第3栏ccc ccc ccc< p></td></tr>< tr>< td>< p>第1列aaa aaa aaa< p</td>< td>< p>第2列bbb bbb bbb</p></td>< td>< p>第3栏ccc ccc ccc< p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

详细了解 位置 规则.

I'm trying to create scrollable HTML table with 1st column and 1st row pinned. The column is already pinned, but I cannot find a way to pin the row. Is there a way to achieve it?

Live: https://jsfiddle.net/8dnzgtwa/

.wrapper {
    margin-left: 5em;
    overflow-x: auto;
    width: 200px;
}

th:first-child, td:first-child {
    left: 0;
    position: absolute;
    width: 5em;
}

th, td p {
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

td p {
    margin-top: 0;
}

td p:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

th, td {
    border-bottom: 1px dashed red;
}

<div class="wrapper">
    <table>
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</th>
                <th>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</th>
                <th>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            <tr>
                <td><p>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</p></td>
                <td><p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p><p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p></td>
                <td><p>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</p></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td><p>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</p></td>
                <td><p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p></td>
                <td><p>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</p></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td><p>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</p></td>
                <td><p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p></td>
                <td><p>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</p></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td><p>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</p></td>
                <td><p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p></td>
                <td><p>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</p></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td><p>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</p></td>
                <td><p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p></td>
                <td><p>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</p></td>
            </tr>
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>

Also (it's not a part of the question, but I would be appreciated for help), I'm trying to fix the cell height. The picture says it all:

解决方案

The main cause for the issues encountered is position: absolute rule which means that the element on which the later rule is defined is removed from the document flow and that causes the column to be shrinked to the size of its content (where you talked about the border isn't placed in the desired placement).

The position attribute has another powerful value called sticky (from its name you guess what it can do !) that sticks to its place when the viewport scrolls to a certain position.

So instead of :

th:first-child, td:first-child {
    left: 0;
    position: absolute;
    width: 5em;
}

use :

tr th:first-child, tr td:first-child {
  position: sticky;
  left: 0;
  width: 5em;
}

And for the first row to be pinned, use sticky with top: 0 on thead > th elements :

thead th {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
}

the div.wrapper in the next demo is minimized (size) so that we ensure having some vertical/horizontal scroll.

.wrapper {
  margin-left: 5em;
  overflow-x: auto;
  width: 300px;
  height: 100px; /** for demo purposes to have some scroll **/
}

tr th:first-child,
tr td:first-child {
  position: sticky; /** sticky instead of absolute **/
  left: 0;
  width: 5em;
  background-color: #00f; /** for demo purposes **/
  z-index: 2;  /** so that the column on the left stays on top of the other columns when having an horizontal scroll **/
}

thead th {
  position: sticky; /** pinn forst row **/
  top: 0;
  background-color: #f00; /** for demo purposes **/
}

th,
td p {
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

td p {
  margin-top: 0;
}

td p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

th,
td {
  border-bottom: 1px dashed red;
}

<div class="wrapper">
  <table>
    <thead>
      <tr>
        <th>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</th>
        <th>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</th>
        <th>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <p>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p>
          <p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</p>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <p>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</p>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <p>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</p>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <p>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</p>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <p>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</p>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <p>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</p>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <p>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</p>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <p>Column 1 aaa aaa aaa</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 2 bbb bbb bbb</p>
        </td>
        <td>
          <p>Column 3 ccc ccc ccc</p>
        </td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div>

read more about the position rule.

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