使用 C++ 读取 .las 1.3 版，并使用 pcl 库显示结果 [英] Reading .las version 1.3 using C++, and displaying the results using pcl library
问题描述
我对点云世界还很陌生.此外，我对 C++ 的经验并不多.我需要读取 .las 文件并使用 pcl 库处理它们.这个是来自我的数据集的示例文件需要阅读.我关注了 这个 YouTube 视频.但是，由于我尝试阅读的文件是 1.3 版，我按照相应的规范文件来定义标题字段，我使用了数据记录格式3"，这是文件标题中提到的数据记录格式.
I'm fairly new to the Point Cloud world. In addition, I'm not so experienced in C++. I need to read .las files and process them using the pcl library. This is a sample file from the dataset that I need to read. I followed this youtube video. However, since the file I'm trying to read is of version 1.3, I followed the corresponding spec file to define the header fields and I used 'Data Record Format 3' which is the data record format mentioned in the file header.
这是我对标题和数据记录格式的定义:
This are my definitions for the header and data record format:
#pragma once
#include <string>
#include <vector>
struct float4
{
float x, y, z, intensity;
};
class PointCloud
{
public:
uint32_t getVertsCount();
float4* getVertsData();
template<typename PointT>
typename pcl::PointCloud<PointT>::Ptr read(const std::string& path);//void read(const std::string &path);
private:
std::vector<float4> verts;
#pragma pack(1)
struct Header
{
char magic[4];
uint16_t fileSourceID;
uint16_t globalEncoding;
uint32_t guidData1;
uint16_t guidData2;
uint16_t guidData3;
uint8_t guidData4[8];
uint8_t versionMaj, versionMin;
char systemIdentifier[32];
char genSoftware[32];
uint16_t creationDay, creationYear;
uint16_t headerSize;
uint32_t pointDataOffset;
uint32_t numVarLenRecords;
uint8_t pointDataRecordFormat;
uint16_t pointDataRecordLen;
uint32_t numberOfPoints;
uint32_t numPointsByReturn[5];
double scaleX, scaleY, scaleZ;
double offsetX, offsetY, offsetZ;
double maxX, minX, maxY, minY, maxZ, minZ;
uint64_t waveform;
};
//#pragma pack(1)
struct PointRecord3
{
uint32_t x, y, z;
uint16_t intensity;
uint8_t flags;
uint8_t classification;
uint8_t scanAngleRank;
uint8_t userData;
uint16_t pointSourceId;
double gpsTime;
uint16_t red;
uint16_t green;
uint16_t blue;
};
};
我用下面的代码读取了点数据，但是没有得到正确的点:
I used the following code to read the point data, but I failed to get correct points:
template<typename PointT>
typename pcl::PointCloud<PointT>::Ptr PointCloud::read(const string& path)
{
ifstream inf(path, ios::binary);
typename pcl::PointCloud<PointT>::Ptr lasCloud(new pcl::PointCloud<PointT>);
if (inf.is_open())
{
Header header;
inf.read((char*)&header, sizeof(header));
cout << "Signature: " << header.magic << endl;
cout << "Source ID: " << int(header.fileSourceID) << endl;
cout << "Global Encoding: " << int(header.globalEncoding) << endl;
cout << "Guid 1: " << int(header.guidData1) << endl;
cout << "Guid 2: " << int(header.guidData2) << endl;
cout << "Guid 3: " << int(header.guidData3) << endl;
cout << "Guid 4: " << header.guidData4 << endl;
cout << (int)header.versionMaj << '.' << (int)header.versionMin << endl;
cout << "Sys Identifier: " << header.systemIdentifier << endl;
cout << "Gen Software: " << header.genSoftware << endl;
cout << "Creation Day: " << header.creationDay << endl;
cout << "Creation Year: " << header.creationYear << endl;
cout << header.headerSize << " == " << sizeof(header) << endl;
cout << "Point Data Offset: " << header.pointDataOffset << endl;
cout << "Number of Variable Len Records: " << header.numVarLenRecords << endl;
cout << "point Data Record Format: " << header.pointDataRecordFormat << endl;
cout << "point Data Record Len: " << header.pointDataRecordLen << endl;
cout << "Number of Points: " << header.numberOfPoints << endl;
cout << "Number of Points by Return: " << header.numPointsByReturn << endl;
cout << "Scales: " << header.scaleX << ", " << header.scaleY << ", " << header.scaleZ << endl;
cout << "Offsets: " << header.offsetX << ", " << header.offsetY << ", " << header.offsetZ << endl;
cout << "Xmin = " << header.minX << ", Ymin = " << header.minY << ", Zmin = " << header.minZ << endl;
cout << "Xmax = " << header.maxX << ", Ymax = " << header.maxY << ", Zmax = " << header.maxZ << endl;
cout << "Waveform: "<<header.waveform << endl;
assert(header.versionMaj == 1 && header.versionMin == 3);
//assert(header.headerSize == sizeof(header));
assert(header.pointDataRecordFormat == 3);
//inf.seekg(header.pointDataOffset);
inf.seekg(sizeof(header));
//inf.seekg(header.pointDataOffset+sizeof(header.waveform));
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < header.numberOfPoints; i++)
{
//PointRecord1* points = new PointRecord1[header.numberOfPoints];
PointRecord3 point;
//inf.read((char*)(points + i), sizeof(PointRecord1));
//inf.read((char*)&point, sizeof(PointRecord1));
inf.read((char*)&point, sizeof(PointRecord3));
PointT cloudPoint;
cloudPoint.x = (float)(point.x * header.scaleX) + header.offsetX;
cloudPoint.y = (float)(point.y * header.scaleY) + header.offsetY;
cloudPoint.z = (float)(point.z * header.scaleZ) + header.offsetZ;
cloudPoint.intensity = (float)(point.intensity) / 65536.0;
lasCloud->points.push_back(cloudPoint);
}
if (!inf.good())
throw runtime_error("Reading went wrong!");
}
else
{
throw runtime_error("Can't find any!");
}
lasCloud->width = lasCloud->points.size();
lasCloud->height = 1;
lasCloud->is_dense = true;
std::cout << "Cloud size = " << lasCloud->points.size() << endl;
return lasCloud;
}
int main (int argc, char** argv)
{
std::cout << "starting enviroment" << std::endl;
pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer::Ptr viewer (new pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer ("3D Viewer"));
CameraAngle setAngle = FPS; //XY, FPS, Side, TopDown
initCamera(setAngle, viewer);
pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZI>::Ptr inputCloudI; //
PointCloud pcd;
inputCloudI=pcd.read<pcl::PointXYZI>("C:/Users/hedey/OneDrive/Documents/Research_papers/STDF/10_4231_MFQF-Q141/I-65/LiDAR/RoadSurface/NB/20180524_I65_NB_RoadSurface_1_50.5.las");
std::cout << "Cloud size = " << inputCloudI->points.size() << endl;
renderPointCloud(viewer, inputCloudI, "lasCloud");
while (!viewer->wasStopped())
{
viewer->spinOnce();
}
}
我注意到了一个问题.标头大小定义为 227(这是标头大小字段的值).但是，在报头的末尾有一个名为波形数据包记录开始"的 8 字节字段，如果包含在报头定义中，则报头大小为 235 字节.此外，用于在 youtube 视频中查找点数据的 pointDataOffset 字段指向 227 字节.当我用它来寻找点数据时，我得到了不合理的点值.我的目标是处理这个点云并使用 pcl 云显示它，但我无法正确读取这些点.
There is a problem that I noticed. The header size is defined to be 227 (this is the value of the header size field). However, there is an 8-byte field named 'Start of Waveform Data Packet Record' at the end of the header, which if included in the header definition will make the header size 235 bytes. Also, the pointDataOffset field which was used to seek the points data in the youtube video is pointing to 227 bytes. When I used it to seek the points data, I got unreasonable point values. My target is to process this point cloud and display it using the pcl cloud, but I'm failing to read the points correctly.
推荐答案
我不知道 Lidar 和 *.las 文件，但我注意到输入文件是用 libLAS 创建的
I have no idea about Lidar and *.las files, but I've noticed that the input file was created with libLAS
> file 20180524_I65_NB_RoadSurface_1_50.5.las
20180524_I65_NB_RoadSurface_1_50.5.las: LIDAR point data records, version 1.3, SYSID libLAS, Generating Software libLAS 1.6.0
那么，为什么不使用 libLAS 来读取数据呢?https://liblas.org/
So, why don't you use libLAS to read the data in? https://liblas.org/
libLAS 带有方便的 CLI 实用程序来处理 las 文件，例如:
libLAS comes with convenient CLI utility programs to handle las files, e.g.:
lasinfo 20180524_I65_NB_RoadSurface_1_50.5.las
---------------------------------------------------------
Header Summary
---------------------------------------------------------
Version: 1.3
Source ID: 0
Reserved: 0
Project ID/GUID: '00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000'
System ID: 'libLAS'
Generating Software: 'libLAS 1.6.0'
File Creation Day/Year: 144/2018
Header Byte Size 227
Data Offset: 227
Header Padding: 0
Number Var. Length Records: None
Point Data Format: 3
Number of Point Records: 22017565
Compressed: False
Number of Points by Return: 0 0 0 0 0
Scale Factor X Y Z: 0.00100000000000 0.00100000000000 0.00100000000000
Offset X Y Z: 590284.000 4339456.000 157.000
Min X Y Z: 589879.772 4338728.975 149.667
Max X Y Z: 590334.248 4339568.021 178.397
Spatial Reference: None
---------------------------------------------------------
Schema Summary
---------------------------------------------------------
Point Format ID: 3
Number of dimensions: 16
Custom schema?: false
Size in bytes: 34
Dimensions
---------------------------------------------------------
'X' -- size: 32 offset: 0
'Y' -- size: 32 offset: 4
'Z' -- size: 32 offset: 8
'Intensity' -- size: 16 offset: 12
'Return Number' -- size: 3 offset: 14
'Number of Returns' -- size: 3 offset: 14
'Scan Direction' -- size: 1 offset: 14
'Flightline Edge' -- size: 1 offset: 14
'Classification' -- size: 8 offset: 15
'Scan Angle Rank' -- size: 8 offset: 16
'User Data' -- size: 8 offset: 17
'Point Source ID' -- size: 16 offset: 18
'Time' -- size: 64 offset: 20
'Red' -- size: 16 offset: 28
'Green' -- size: 16 offset: 30
'Blue' -- size: 16 offset: 32
---------------------------------------------------------
Point Inspection Summary
---------------------------------------------------------
Header Point Count: 22017565
Actual Point Count: 22017565
Minimum and Maximum Attributes (min,max)
---------------------------------------------------------
Min X, Y, Z: 600191.027, 4313816.564, 148.621
Max X, Y, Z: 600212.594, 4314678.007, 156.632
Bounding Box: 600191.027, 4313816.564, 600212.594, 4314678.007
Time: 55449082.421688, 55488872.904376
Return Number: 0, 0
Return Count: 0, 0
Flightline Edge: 0, 0
Intensity: 0, 255
Scan Direction Flag: 0, 0
Scan Angle Rank: 0, 0
Classification: 1, 3
Point Source Id: 0, 31
User Data: 0, 0
Minimum Color (RGB): 0 0 0
Maximum Color (RGB): 0 0 0
Number of Points by Return
---------------------------------------------------------
(1) 22017565
Number of Returns by Pulse
---------------------------------------------------------
(0) 22017565
Point Classifications
---------------------------------------------------------
7187055 Unclassified (1)
8128678 Ground (2)
6701832 Low Vegetation (3)
-------------------------------------------------------
0 withheld
0 keypoint
0 synthetic
-------------------------------------------------------
和
las2txt 20180524_I65_NB_RoadSurface_1_50.5.las qq.txt && head qq.txt
600209.243,4313837.086,155.155
600209.342,4313839.620,155.191
600209.232,4313836.806,155.154
600209.338,4313839.516,155.197
600209.221,4313836.523,155.165
600209.333,4313839.398,155.194
600209.206,4313836.177,155.158
600209.328,4313839.285,155.200
600209.189,4313835.778,155.145
600209.322,4313839.152,155.193
这意味着文件没问题，库工作正常，您将节省很多时间学习基本的库使用，而不是尝试自己重新实现它(想想各种数据格式等.、错误处理等、测试等、在出现问题时获得反馈等，以及您的时间)
This means that the file is OK, the library works, and you'll save yourself lots of time learning the basic library usage rather then trying to reimplement it yourself (think of various data formats etc., error handling etc., testing etc., getting feedback in case of troubles, etc., and your time)
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