哪些编程语言(除了 Smalltalk)是基于图像的? [英] Which programming languages (besides Smalltalk) are image based?

问题描述

如果有人知道使用像 Smalltalk 这样的图像的编程语言，我真的很感兴趣...

I'm really interested if someone knows a programming language that uses an image like Smalltalk...

我认为这是计算机科学史上最伟大的思想之一.除了基于图像的 Smalltalk 之外，我找不到其他语言.

I think that is one of the greatest ides in the history of computer science.. I can not find other language besides Smalltalk that is base on an image.

推荐答案

图片

图像基本上是内存转储.通常，Lisp 开发系统会启动运行时和图像.然后用户进行更改，然后可以编写新图像.有时这是开发人员使用的功能，有时也在 Lisp 系统本身的开发过程中使用.

Images are basically memory dumps. Typically a Lisp development system starts a runtime plus an image. The user then makes changes and later can write a new image. Sometimes this is a feature used by the developer, sometimes it's also used during the development of the Lisp system itself.

许多 Lisp 系统都在使用图像".这就是 Smalltalk 的来源，可能——因为 Lisp 早在 Smalltalk 出现之前就已经有了图像.McCarthy 的 Lisp 1.5 在 60 年代初期使用图像.Lisp 实现技术的知识被转移到施乐.L Peter Deutsch 例如在 60 年代从事 Lisp 实现的工作 - 在早期60 年代还是个孩子的时候，他写了他的第一个 Lisp.70 年代，他在施乐工作，尤其是在 Smalltalk 的虚拟机实现方面.

Many Lisp systems are using 'images'. That's where Smalltalk got it from, possibly - since Lisp had images already long before Smalltalk existed. McCarthy's Lisp 1.5 in the early 60s used images. The knowledge about Lisp implementation techniques was transferred to Xerox. L Peter Deutsch for example worked in the 60s on Lisp implementations - in the early 60s as a young kid he wrote his first Lisp. In the 70s he worked at Xerox and there especially on Smalltalk's virtual machine implementation.

在 70 年代/80 年代后期，Lisp 机器上的操作系统基本上是 Lisp 映像(通常称为 worlds)(甚至是带有增量 delta 映像的分层映像).Lisp 机器还将开发环境状态(例如:从哪里加载哪些代码，由谁编写的版本)存储在图像中，但 Lisp 机器的 MIT 变体通常将源代码本身存储在文件中.

Later in the 70s/80s, the OS on the Lisp Machines were basically Lisp images (often called worlds) (even hierarchical images with incremental delta images). Lisp Machines also store development environment state (example: which code is loaded from where in what version written by whom) in an image, but the MIT variants of the Lisp Machine usually stored the source code itself in files.

托管源代码

如果您问哪种语言使用类似的方式来组织和管理源代码(即不在项目目录中的文件中)，那么 Xerox Interlisp 就是这样做的.苹果的迪伦做到了.某些数据库开发工具可能会这样做.

If you ask which language uses a similar way to organize and manage source code (i.e. not in files in project directories), then Xerox Interlisp did that. Apple's Dylan did that. Some DB development tools might do that.

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