Tar:创建存档排除目录，除了一个 [英] Tar: create archive exclude directories except one

问题描述

我有一些包含一些文件的目录

dir_archive/somedir1dir_archive/somedir2dir_archive/somedir3dir_archive/mydirdir_archive/mydir/excludedir1dir_archive/mydir/excludedir2dir_archive/mydir/excludedir3dir_archive/mydir/many_other_directories...dir_archive/mydir/my_archive_dir

我想创建 tar(gz) 存档 dir_archive.tar.gz 并排除所有文件和目录

dir_archive/mydir/excludedir1dir_archive/mydir/excludedir2dir_archive/mydir/excludedir3dir_archive/mydir/many_other_directories...

但包括

dir_archive/mydir/my_archive_dir

我不想为每个目录使用 --exclude

tar cvfz dir_archive.tar.gz --exclude=dir_archive/mydir/excludedir1 --exclude=dir_archive/mydir/excludedir2 --exclude=dir_archive/mydir/excludedir3

我尝试使用 --add-file，但它不起作用:

tar cvfz dir_archive.tar.gz --exclude=dir_archive/mydir --add-file=dir_archive/mydir/my_archive_dir dir_archive

存在一些简单的方法吗?谢谢

解决方案

一种方法是首先排除 mydir 然后附加 my_archive_dir

tar cvf dir_archive.tar --exclude=dir_archive/mydir dir_archivetar rvf dir_archive.tar dir_archive/mydir/my_archive_dirgzip dir_archive.tar

不幸的是，附加不适用于压缩档案.

--exclude 选项接受一个模式作为参数，所以如果要排除的目录的名称相似，您可以避免它们并仍然包含存档目录

tar cvfz dir_archive.tar.gz --exclude=dir_archive/mydir/exclude* dir_archive

还可以创建一个文件，其中包含您想要包含的所有文件的名称，并使用选项 -T 或 --files-from(或以类似的方式列出要排除的文件，并使用选项 -X 给出列表).

<前>文件列表.txt:dir_archivedir_archive/temp1dir_archive/mydirdir_archive/mydir/temp2dir_archive/mydir/my_archive_dirdir_archive/mydir/my_archive_dir/temp7

tar cvfz dir_archive.tar.gz --no-recursion --files-from filelist.txt

I have some directories with some files

dir_archive/somedir1
dir_archive/somedir2
dir_archive/somedir3
dir_archive/mydir
dir_archive/mydir/excludedir1
dir_archive/mydir/excludedir2
dir_archive/mydir/excludedir3
dir_archive/mydir/many_other_directories...
dir_archive/mydir/my_archive_dir

I want create tar(gz) archive dir_archive.tar.gz with all files and directories exclude

dir_archive/mydir/excludedir1
dir_archive/mydir/excludedir2
dir_archive/mydir/excludedir3
dir_archive/mydir/many_other_directories...

but include

dir_archive/mydir/my_archive_dir

I dont want use --exclude for each directory

tar cvfz dir_archive.tar.gz --exclude=dir_archive/mydir/excludedir1 --exclude=dir_archive/mydir/excludedir2 --exclude=dir_archive/mydir/excludedir3

I try use --add-file, but it doesn't work:

tar cvfz dir_archive.tar.gz --exclude=dir_archive/mydir --add-file=dir_archive/mydir/my_archive_dir dir_archive

Exists some simple way? Thanks

解决方案

One way would be first excluding the mydir and then appending the my_archive_dir

tar cvf dir_archive.tar --exclude=dir_archive/mydir dir_archive
tar rvf dir_archive.tar dir_archive/mydir/my_archive_dir
gzip dir_archive.tar

Unfortunately appending doesn't work with zipped archives.

The --exclude option takes a pattern as argument, so if the names of the dirs to be excluded are similar, you can avoid them and still include the archive dir

tar cvfz dir_archive.tar.gz --exclude=dir_archive/mydir/exclude* dir_archive

It is also possible to create a file with names of all the files that you want included and give that list to tar with option -T or --files-from (or in similar fashion list the files to be excluded and give the list with option -X).

filelist.txt:
dir_archive
dir_archive/temp1
dir_archive/mydir
dir_archive/mydir/temp2
dir_archive/mydir/my_archive_dir
dir_archive/mydir/my_archive_dir/temp7

tar cvfz dir_archive.tar.gz --no-recursion --files-from filelist.txt

这篇关于Tar:创建存档排除目录，除了一个的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！