尝试为 ARM 构建 GDB 时出错 [英] Errors while trying to build GDB for ARM

问题描述

我正在尝试为我的 Ubuntu 16.04 机器上的手臂构建 GDB(8.0 版).打算直接在arm机上调试(目前没有服务器).

I'm trying to build GDB (version 8.0) for an arm on my Ubuntu 16.04 machine. I'm planning to debug it directly on the arm machine (currently without a server).

我已执行这些说明(正如在此处所解释的那样)

I have executed these instructions (as it was explained here)

./configure --target=arm-linux-gnueabi --host=arm-linux-gnueabi --build=x86_64_unknown-linux-gnu 
make

在链接过程中，系统向我抛出了这个错误:

During the linkage the system threw me this error:

g++ -std=gnu++11 -g -O2   -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc    \
    -o gdb gdb.o arm.o arm-linux.o arm-get-next-pcs.o arm-tdep.o arm-linux-tdep.o glibc-tdep.o solib-svr4.o symfile-mem.o linux-tdep.o linux-record.o ser-base.o ser-unix.o ser-pipe.o ser-tcp.o inf-ptrace.o fork-child.o arm-linux-nat.o aarch32-linux-nat.o proc-service.o linux-thread-db.o linux-nat.o linux-osdata.o linux-fork.o linux-procfs.o linux-ptrace.o linux-waitpid.o linux-personality.o linux-namespaces.o ax-gdb.o ax-general.o ctf.o dcache.o remote.o remote-fileio.o remote-notif.o tracefile.o tracefile-tfile.o tracepoint.o  cli-cmds.o cli-decode.o cli-dump.o cli-interp.o cli-logging.o cli-script.o cli-setshow.o cli-utils.o mi-cmd-break.o mi-cmd-catch.o mi-cmd-disas.o mi-cmd-env.o mi-cmd-file.o mi-cmd-info.o mi-cmd-stack.o mi-cmd-target.o mi-cmd-var.o mi-cmds.o mi-console.o mi-getopt.o mi-interp.o mi-main.o mi-out.o mi-parse.o mi-symbol-cmds.o stub-termcap.o python.o guile.o elfread.o stap-probe.o dtrace-probe.o posix-hdep.o posix-strerror.o ada-exp.o c-exp.o cp-name-parser.o d-exp.o f-exp.o go-exp.o m2-exp.o p-exp.o rust-exp.o ada-lang.o ada-tasks.o ada-typeprint.o ada-valprint.o ada-varobj.o addrmap.o agent.o annotate.o arch-utils.o auto-load.o auxv.o bcache.o bfd-target.o block.o blockframe.o break-catch-sig.o break-catch-syscall.o break-catch-throw.o breakpoint.o btrace.o btrace-common.o buffer.o build-id.o buildsym.o c-lang.o c-typeprint.o c-valprint.o c-varobj.o charset.o cleanups.o cli-out.o coff-pe-read.o coffread.o common-agent.o common-debug.o common-exceptions.o common-regcache.o common-utils.o complaints.o completer.o continuations.o copying.o corefile.o corelow.o cp-abi.o cp-namespace.o cp-support.o cp-valprint.o d-lang.o d-namespace.o d-valprint.o dbxread.o debug.o demangle.o dfp.o dictionary.o disasm.o disasm-selftests.o doublest.o dummy-frame.o dwarf2-frame.o dwarf2-frame-tailcall.o dwarf2expr.o dwarf2loc.o dwarf2read.o environ.o errors.o eval.o event-loop.o event-top.o exceptions.o exec.o expprint.o extension.o f-lang.o f-typeprint.o f-valprint.o fileio.o filestuff.o filesystem.o findcmd.o findvar.o format.o frame.o frame-base.o frame-unwind.o gcore.o gdb_bfd.o gdb-dlfcn.o gdb_obstack.o gdb_usleep.o gdb_vecs.o gdbarch.o gdbtypes.o gnu-v2-abi.o gnu-v3-abi.o go-lang.o go-typeprint.o go-valprint.o inf-child.o inf-loop.o infcall.o infcmd.o inferior.o infrun.o inline-frame.o interps.o jit.o language.o linespec.o location.o m2-lang.o m2-typeprint.o m2-valprint.o macrocmd.o macroexp.o macroscope.o macrotab.o main.o maint.o mdebugread.o mem-break.o memattr.o memory-map.o memrange.o mi-common.o minidebug.o minsyms.o mipsread.o namespace.o new-op.o objc-lang.o objfiles.o observer.o opencl-lang.o osabi.o osdata.o p-lang.o p-typeprint.o p-valprint.o parse.o print-utils.o printcmd.o probe.o progspace.o prologue-value.o psymtab.o ptid.o record.o record-btrace.o record-full.o regcache.o reggroups.o registry.o reverse.o rsp-low.o run-time-clock.o rust-lang.o selftest.o selftest-arch.o sentinel-frame.o ser-event.o serial.o signals.o signals-state-save-restore.o skip.o solib.o solib-target.o source.o stabsread.o stack.o std-regs.o symfile.o symfile-debug.o symmisc.o symtab.o target.o target-dcache.o target-descriptions.o target-memory.o thread.o thread-fsm.o tid-parse.o top.o trad-frame.o tramp-frame.o typeprint.o ui-file.o ui-out.o user-regs.o utils.o utils-selftests.o valarith.o valops.o valprint.o value.o varobj.o vec.o version.o waitstatus.o xml-builtin.o xml-support.o xml-syscall.o xml-tdesc.o xml-utils.o compile.o compile-c-support.o compile-c-symbols.o compile-c-types.o compile-loc2c.o compile-object-load.o compile-object-run.o inflow.o    init.o \
       ../readline/libreadline.a ../opcodes/libopcodes.a ../bfd/libbfd.a -L./../zlib -lz  ../libiberty/libiberty.a ../libdecnumber/libdecnumber.a    -ldl -ldl -lm -ldl     ../libiberty/libiberty.a  build-gnulib/import/libgnu.a  -ldl -Wl,--dynamic-list=./proc-service.list
/usr/bin/ld: ../readline/libreadline.a(readline.o): Relocations in generic ELF (EM: 40)
/usr/bin/ld: ../readline/libreadline.a(readline.o): Relocations in generic ELF (EM: 40)
/usr/bin/ld: ../readline/libreadline.a(readline.o): Relocations in generic ELF (EM: 40)
/usr/bin/ld: ../readline/libreadline.a(readline.o): Relocations in generic ELF (EM: 40)
/usr/bin/ld: ../readline/libreadline.a(readline.o): Relocations in generic ELF (EM: 40)
/usr/bin/ld: ../readline/libreadline.a(readline.o): Relocations in generic ELF (EM: 40)
/usr/bin/ld: ../readline/libreadline.a(readline.o): Relocations in generic ELF (EM: 40)
../readline/libreadline.a: error adding symbols: File in wrong format
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Makefile:2215: recipe for target 'gdb' failed
make[2]: *** [gdb] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/user/gdb-8.0/gdb'
Makefile:9126: recipe for target 'all-gdb' failed
make[1]: *** [all-gdb] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/user/gdb-8.0'
Makefile:849: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2

我尝试下载一个新的 readline 库并将其替换为 gdb 附带的库，但它没有解决我的问题.

I have tried to download a new readline library and replace it with the one that comes with the gdb, but it didn't solve my problem.

有人知道吗?

谢谢！

推荐答案

您的命令看起来正确.它没有按预期工作的原因一定是你的 ARM 交叉编译工具链在你的 $PATH 中不可用，或者它的前缀不是 arm-linux-gnueabi.

Your command looks correct. The reason it doesn't work as expected must be that your ARM cross-compilation toolchain is not available in your $PATH or its prefix is not arm-linux-gnueabi.

举个例子假设你下载了 gcc-linaro-7.2.1-2017.11-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabi.tar.xz 工具链并在 ~/tmp.以下命令应该可以成功构建 gdb:

As an example suppose that you downloaded gcc-linaro-7.2.1-2017.11-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabi.tar.xz toolchain and unpacked it under ~/tmp. The following commands should build gdb successfully:

PATH="$PATH:$HOME/tmp/gcc-linaro-7.2.1-2017.11-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabi/bin"
./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabi
make

我缩短了 ./configure 调用，因为默认值就足够了(TARGET=HOST 和 BUILD=).

I shortened ./configure invocation because defaults suffice (TARGET=HOST and BUILD=<automatically guessed>).

混淆来自于 --host=... 使 configure 脚本寻找 arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc(...-ld 等)，但是 以防它找不到它们 gcc, ld 用于假设它们交叉编译到 HOST.这种回退行为就是这里发生的事情.

The confusion here comes from the fact that --host=... makes configure script look for arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc (...-ld, etc.), but in case it can't find them gcc, ld are used assuming that they cross-compile to HOST. This fallback behaviour is what happened here.

要确保使用正确的工具链，请注意

To make sure that correct toolchain is used, watch for

checking for arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc...  found arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc

configure 输出中的行.

不要不要指定LD=arm-XXX-ld CC=arm-XXX-gcc CXX=arm-XXX-g++ 就像其他人建议的那样，--host= 选项是为你找到这些东西，你只需要把它们放在你的$PATH中.

Do not specify LD=arm-XXX-ld CC=arm-XXX-gcc CXX=arm-XXX-g++ as others have suggested, the point of --host= option is to find these things for you, you just need to put them in your $PATH.

这篇关于尝试为 ARM 构建 GDB 时出错的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！