Selenium WebDriver 在线程“main"中抛出异常org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotInteractableException [英] Selenium WebDriver throws Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotInteractableException

问题描述

测试场景:尝试捕获和测试 Gmail 登录.

Test Scenario: Trying to capture and test Gmail Login.

当前输出: Mozilla 实例打开.用户名已输入，但WebDriver 代码未输入密码.

Current Output: Mozilla instance opens up. Username is entered but the Password is not being entered by the WebDriver code.

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:\Users\Ruchi\workspace2\SeleniumTest\jar\geckodriver-v0.17.0-win64\geckodriver.exe");
FirefoxDriver  varDriver=new FirefoxDriver();

varDriver.get("http://gmail.com");  
WebElement webElem=  varDriver.findElement(By.id("identifierId"));
webElem.sendKeys("[e-mail]");
WebElement nextButton=varDriver.findElement(By.id("identifierNext"));
nextButton.click();

varDriver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

WebElement wePass=varDriver.findElement(By.cssSelector(".rFrNMe.P7gl3b.sdJrJc.Tyc9J"));

wePass.sendKeys("test1");

推荐答案

ElementNotInteractableException

根据文档，ElementNotInteractableException 是 W3C 异常，它被抛出以表明虽然 DOM Tree，不是处于可以交互的状态.

ElementNotInteractableException

As per the documentation, ElementNotInteractableException is the W3C exception which is thrown to indicate that although an element is present on the DOM Tree, it is not in a state that can be interacted with.

ElementNotInteractableException 发生的原因有很多.

1. 其他 WebElement 临时覆盖在我们感兴趣的 WebElement 之上:

1. Temporary Overlay of other WebElement over the WebElement of our interest:

在这种情况下，直接的解决方案是将 ExplicitWait 即 WebDriverWait 与 ExpectedCondition 结合为 invisibilityOfElementLocated 如下:

In this case, the direct solution would have been to induce ExplicitWait i.e. WebDriverWait in combination with ExpectedCondition as invisibilityOfElementLocated as follows:

WebDriverWait wait2 = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
wait2.until(ExpectedConditions.invisibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("xpath_of_element_to_be_invisible")));
driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath_element_to_be_clicked")).click();

更好的解决方案是更细化一些，而不是使用 ExpectedCondition 作为 invisibilityOfElementLocated 我们可以使用 ExpectedCondition 为 elementToBeClickable 如下:

A better solution will be to get a bit more granular and instead of using ExpectedCondition as invisibilityOfElementLocated we can use ExpectedCondition as elementToBeClickable as follows:

WebDriverWait wait1 = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
WebElement element1 = wait1.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("xpath_of_element_to_be_clicked")));
element1.click();

其他 WebElement 永久覆盖在我们感兴趣的 WebElement 上:

Permanent Overlay of other WebElement over the WebElement of our interest :

如果在这种情况下覆盖是永久性的，我们必须将 WebDriver 实例转换为 JavascriptExecutor 并执行如下点击操作:

If the overlay is a permanent one in this case we have to cast the WebDriver instance as JavascriptExecutor and perform the click operation as follows:

WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.xpath("element_xpath"));
JavascriptExecutor executor = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
executor.executeScript("arguments[0].click();", ele);

<小时>

现在解决这个特定上下文中的错误ElementNotInteractableException，我们需要添加ExplicitWait，即WebDriverWait，如下所示:

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Now addressing the error ElementNotInteractableException in this particular context we need to add ExplicitWait i.e. WebDriverWait as follows :

您需要稍微等待，以便 Password 字段在 HTML DOM 中正确呈现.您可以考虑为它配置一个 ExplicitWait.以下是使用 Mozilla Firefox 登录 Gmail 的工作代码:

You need to induce a bit of wait for the Password field to be properly rendered in the HTML DOM. You can consider configuring an ExplicitWait for it. Here is the working code to login into Gmail using Mozilla Firefox:

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","C:\Users\Ruchi\workspace2\SeleniumTest\jar\geckodriver-v0.17.0-win64\geckodriver.exe");
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.manage().window().maximize();
String url = "https://accounts.google.com/signin";
driver.get(url);
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); 
WebElement email_phone = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='identifierId']"));
email_phone.sendKeys("[e-mail]");
driver.findElement(By.id("identifierNext")).click();
WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='password']"));
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(password));
password.sendKeys("test1");
driver.findElement(By.id("passwordNext")).click();

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