Java克隆抽象对象 [英] Java cloning abstract objects

问题描述

我想知道是否有任何方法可以执行以下操作.我有一个抽象类 Shape 及其所有不同的子类，我想覆盖 clone 方法.我想要在该方法中做的就是从当前的 toString() 创建一个新的 Shape.显然我不能做以下事情，因为 Shape 是抽象的.有没有另一种方法可以做到这一点，因为在每个子类中覆盖克隆只是为了简单的名称更改似乎没有用.

I'm wondering if there is any way to do the following. I have an abstract class, Shape, and all its different subclasses and I want to override the clone method. All I want to do in the method is create a new Shape from the toString() of the current one. Obviously I can't do the following because Shape is abstract. Is there another way to do this because overriding clone in every subclass just for a simple name change seems useless.

public abstract class Shape {

    public Shape(String str) {
        // Create object from string representation
    }

    public Shape clone() {
        // Need new way to do this
        return new Shape(this.toString());   
    }

    public String toString() {
        // Correctly overriden toString()
    }
}

推荐答案

可以尝试使用反射:

public abstract class AClonable implements Cloneable{

private String val;

public AClonable(){

}

public AClonable(String s){
    val=s;
}

public String toString(){
    return val;
}

@Override
public AClonable clone(){
    try {
        System.out.println(getClass().getCanonicalName());
        AClonable b= getClass().getDeclaredConstructor(String.class).newInstance(val);

        return b;
    } catch (InstantiationException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (SecurityException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
}

}

在 clone() 方法中调用 getClass().因为 ACloneble 是抽象的，所以调用总是会转到具体的类.

in the clone() method you call getClass(). Because the ACloneble ist abstract, there call will allways go to the concrete class.

   public class ClonebaleOne extends AClonable{

public ClonebaleOne(){
    super();
}

public ClonebaleOne(String s) {
    super(s);
    // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}

}

和

  public class ClonebaleTwo extends AClonable{

public ClonebaleTwo(){
    super();
}

public ClonebaleTwo(String s) {
    super(s);
    // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}

}

最后

   public static void main(String[] args){
    AClonable one = new ClonebaleOne("One");
    AClonable tow= new ClonebaleTwo("Two");
    AClonable clone = one.clone();
    System.out.println(clone.toString());
    clone = tow.clone();
    System.out.println(clone.toString());

}

输出:

  ClonebaleOne
  One
  ClonebaleTwo
  Two

但这与其说是解决方案，不如说是一种破解

But it's more a hack than a solution

我的两个克隆比 ;)

my two clones were faster than ;)

完成.clone() 的另一个实现可以是

To be complete. Another implentation of clone() can be

 @Override
public AClonable clone(){
    try {
        ByteArrayOutputStream outByte = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        ObjectOutputStream outObj = new ObjectOutputStream(outByte);
        ByteArrayInputStream inByte;
        ObjectInputStream inObject;
        outObj.writeObject(this);
        outObj.close();
        byte[] buffer = outByte.toByteArray();
        inByte = new ByteArrayInputStream(buffer);
        inObject = new ObjectInputStream(inByte);
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        Object deepcopy =  inObject.readObject();
        inObject.close();
        return (AClonable) deepcopy;
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
}

当您的抽象类实现 Serialazable 时.在那里您将对象写入光盘并使用光盘中的值创建副本.

when your abstract class implements Serialazable. There you write your object to disc and create a copy with the value from the disc.

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